The year 1639 in music involved some significant events.

Events

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Publications

• Agostino Agazzari - Litaniae Beatissimae Virginis, Op. 21 (Rome: Vincenzo Blanco)
• Francesco Corbetta - De gli scherzi armonici, a collection of guitar music, published in Bologna
• Melchior Franck - Zwey neue Christliche Epicedia for eight voices (Coburg: Johann Eyrich), two funeral motets
• Duarte Lobo - Second book of masses for four, five, and six voices (Antwerp: Balthasar Moreti for Plantin)
• Alessandro Piccinini - Intavolatura di liuto (posthumous print)

Classical music

• Heinrich Schütz - Kleine geistliche Konzerte (Small Sacred Concertos), part 2

Opera

• Francesco Cavalli - Le nozze di Teti e di Peleo
• Benedetto Ferrari - L'Armida
• Marco Marazzoli and Virgilio Mazzocchi - Chi soffre, speri, libretto by Cardinal Giulio Rospigliosi (later Pope Clement IX), premièred in Rome
• Claudio Monteverdi - Adone, premiéred in Venice

Births

• February 4 - Alessandro Melani, Italian composer (died 1703)
• April 3 - Alessandro Stradella, Italian composer (killed 1682)

Deaths

• June 1 - Melchior Franck, composer (born 1579)
• July - Carlo Farina, violinist, conductor and composer (born c.1600) (plague)
• October 28 - Stefano Landi, composer and teacher (born 1587)