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1792
Calendar year
1792 (MDCCXCII ) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar , the 1792nd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 792nd year of the 2nd millennium , the 92nd year of the 18th century , and the 3rd year of the 1790s decade. As of the start of 1792, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
1792
Events
January–March
January 9 – The Treaty of Jassy ends the Russian Empire 's war with the Ottoman Empire over Crimea .[1]
February 18 – Thomas Holcroft produces the comedy The Road to Ruin in London.
February 20 – The Postal Service Act , establishing the United States Post Office Department , is signed by President George Washington .[2]
February 20 – Parliament House, Dublin catches fire during a legislative session. "Although in imminent danger of the roof falling in," it is noted later, "the House did not adjourn until a proper motion had been put and carried in the affirmative."[3]
March 1 – Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor , the last emperor, takes office.
March 7 – A settlement is formed in Sierra Leone in West Africa as a home for freed slaves.[4]
March 16 – Assassination of Gustav III : King Gustav III of Sweden is shot in the back by Jacob Johan Anckarström , at a midnight masquerade at the Royal Opera in Stockholm; he lives until March 29 , and is then succeeded by his 14-year-old son, Gustav IV Adolf .
March 20 – A new capital of North Carolina , and seat of the newly formed Wake County , is established after North Carolina State senator and surveyor William Christmas submits his design for the city. A few months later, the capital is officially named Raleigh , in honor of Sir Walter Raleigh .
March 25 – The National Legislative Assembly (France) agrees that the guillotine should be used for judicial executions.April–June
April 2 – The Coinage Act is passed, establishing the United States Mint .[2]
April 5 – United States President George Washington vetoes a bill designed to apportion representatives among U.S. states . This is the first time the presidential veto is used in the United States.
April 20 – France declares war against Austria, beginning the French Revolutionary Wars and War of the First Coalition .
April 21 – Tiradentes , a leading figure in the Inconfidência Mineira conspiracy, is executed in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil .
April 25
May 11 – Robert Gray's Columbia River expedition : Captain Robert Gray , on the Columbia Rediviva , becomes the first white man to discover the mouth of the Columbia River .[2]
May 17 – The Buttonwood Agreement is signed, beginning the New York Stock Exchange .
May 18 – War in Defence of the Constitution : Russia invades Poland.
May 21 – 1792 Unzen earthquake and tsunami : An old lava dome collapses in Ky?sh? , Japan, due to activity of Mount Unzen volcano; the resulting avalanche and tsunami kills about 14,300 people.
June 1 – Kentucky becomes the 15th state of the United States of America.[2]
June 4 – Captain George Vancouver claims Puget Sound for Great Britain.
June 13
July–September
October–December
Date unknown
Tipu Sultan invades Kerala , India, but is repulsed.
Hungarian astronomer Franz Xaver von Zach publishes The Tables of the Sun , an essential early work for navigation.
Claude Chappe successfully demonstrates the first semaphore line , between Paris and Lille.
Scottish engineer William Murdoch begins experimenting with gas lighting .
George Anschutz constructs the first blast furnace in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania .
Mary Wollstonecraft 's A Vindication of the Rights of Woman , one of the earliest works of feminist literature, is published in London.
Barthélemy Catherine Joubert , future French general, becomes sub-lieutenant.
Johann Georg Albrechtsberger becomes Kapellmeister in Vienna .
The State Street Corporation is founded, in Boston , Massachusetts .
The Insurance Company of North America (later Chubb ) is founded in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania .
Shiloh Meeting House, predecessor of Shiloh United Methodist Church in Lynchburg, Virginia, is founded.
The first written examinations in Europe are held at the University of Cambridge in England. Births
January–June
January 12 – Johann Arfvedson , Swedish chemist (d. 1841 )
February 15 – Floride Calhoun , Second Lady of the United States (d. 1866 )
February 17 – Karl Ernst von Baer , German naturalist (d. 1876 )
February 29 – Gioachino Rossini , Italian composer (d. 1868 )
March 3 – Johann Karl Ludwig Gieseler , German church historian (d. 1854 )
March 4
March 7 – John Herschel , English mathematician, astronomer (d. 1871 )
April 1 – Karl Gottlob Zumpt , German scholar (d. 1849 )
April 2 – Francisco de Paula Santander , President of Colombia (d. 1840 )
April 4 – Thaddeus Stevens , American politician (d. 1868 )
April 23 – Thomas Romney Robinson , Irish astronomer, physicist (d. 1882 )
April 25 – John Keble , English churchman, poet (d. 1866 )
May 10 – Willie Person Mangum , American politician (d. 1861 )
May 13 – Pope Pius IX (b. Giovanni Mastai-Ferretti), Italian churchman (d. 1878 )
May 15 – James Mayer de Rothschild , German-born banker (d. 1868 )
May 17 – Anne Isabella Milbanke , English wife of Lord Byron (d. 1860 )
May 18 – Margaret Ann Neve , Guernesiaise supercentenarian (d. 1903 )
May 21 – Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis , French engineer, scientist (d. 1843 )
June 13 – William Austin Burt , American inventor (Father of the typewriter ), (d. 1858 )
June 15 – John Pascoe Fawkner , pioneer, newspaper publisher in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (d. 1869 )
June 16 – John Linnell , English painter (d. 1882 )
June 21 – Ferdinand Christian Baur , German theologian (d. 1860 )July–December
July 7 – William Henry Smith , British businessman (d. 1865 )
July 10
July 27 – Maria Quitéria , Brazilian national heroine (d. 1853 )
August 4 – Percy Bysshe Shelley , English poet (d. 1822 )
August 13 – Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen , queen of William IV of the United Kingdom (d. 1849 )
August 18 – John Russell, 1st Earl Russell , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1878 )
August 22 – John Church Hamilton , American historian (d. 1882 )
August 26 – Manuel Oribe , 2nd President of Uruguay (d. 1857 )
September 2 – Vicente Ramón Roca , 3rd President of Ecuador (d. 1858 )
September 19 – William Backhouse Astor, Sr. , American business tycoon (d. 1875 )
September 26 – William Hobson , first Governor of New Zealand (d. 1842 )
October 29 – Thomas Livingstone Mitchell , explorer, Surveyor-General of New South Wales, Australia (d. 1855 )
November 4 – Carlos Antonio López , president of Paraguay (d. 1862 )
November 10 – Samuel Nelson , Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1873 )
November 11 – Mary Anne Evans , wife of Benjamin Disraeli (d. 1872 )
November 28 – Victor Cousin , French philosopher (d. 1867 )
December 1 – Nikolai Lobachevsky , Russian mathematician (d. 1856 )
December 5 – Andrés de Santa Cruz , Peruvian military officer, seventh President of Peru and President of Bolivia (d. 1865 )
December 6 – William II of the Netherlands (d. 1849 )Date unknown
Deaths
January–June
January 17 – George Horne , British academic and Bishop of Norwich (b.1730 )
February 15 – John Witherspoon , Scottish American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1723 )
February 23 – Sir Joshua Reynolds , English painter (b. 1723 )
March 1
March 1 – Angelo Emo , Venetian admiral and statesman (b. 1731 )
March 3 – Robert Adam , British architect (b. 1728 )
March 10 – John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1713 )
March 23 – Luís António Verney , Portuguese philosopher and pedagogue (b. 1713 )
March 29 – King Gustav III of Sweden (assassinated) (b. 1746 )
April 3 – Sir George Pocock , British admiral (b. 1706 )
April 4 – James Sykes , American politician (b. 1725 )
April 14 – Maximilian Hell , Slovakian astronomer (b. 1720 )
April 23 – Karl Friedrich Bahrdt , German theologian, adventurer (b. 1741 )
April 30 – John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich , English statesman (b. 1718 )
May 10 – John Stevens , American delegate to the Continental Congress
May 12 – Charles Simon Favart , French dramatist (b. 1710 )
May 24 – George Brydges Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney , British naval officer (b. 1718 )
June 4 – John Burgoyne , British general (b. 1723 )
June 22 – Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab , Arabian Wahhabi preacher (b. 1703 )July–December
July 3 – Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (b. 1721 )
July 18 – John Paul Jones , American naval captain (b. 1747 )
July 29 – René Nicolas Charles Augustin de Maupeou , Chancellor of France (b. 1714 )
August 3 – Richard Arkwright , English inventor (b. 1732 )
August 5 – Frederick North, Lord North , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1732 )
August 25 – Jacques Cazotte , French writer (executed) (b. 1719 )
September 3 – Marie Thérèse Louise of Savoy, Princesse de Lamballe , French princess, courtier to Marie Antoinette (murdered during the French Revolution) (b. 1749 )
September 8 – Charles d'Abancour , French statesman (b. 1758 )
September 16 – Nguy?n Hu? , Vietnamese emperor (b. 1753 )
September 18 – August Gottlieb Spangenberg , German religious leader (b. 1704 )
September 25 – Adam Gottlob Moltke , Danish statesman (b. 1710 )
September 29 – George Browne , Russian-Irish field-marshal (b. 1698 )
October 7 – George Mason , American patriot (b. 1725 )
October 14 – Sophie Charlotte Ackermann , German actress (b. 1714 )
October 21 – Anders Rudolf du Rietz , Swedish general, count and politician (b. 1722 )
October 22 – Guillaume Le Gentil , French astronomer (b. 1725 )
October 28
November – Samuel Hearne , English explorer, fur-trader, author and naturalist (b. 1745 )
December 8 – Henry Laurens , political leader during the American Revolutionary War , father of John Laurens (b. 1724 )
December 15
References
^ "Historical Events for Year 1792 | OnThisDay.com" . Historyorb.com . Retrieved 2016 .
^ a b c d e Harper's Encyclopaedia of United States History from 458 A. D. to 1909 , ed. by Benson John Lossing and, Woodrow Wilson (Harper & Brothers, 1910) p169
^ "Fires, Great", in The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance , Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) pp62
^ "BBC History British History Timeline" . Archived from the original on September 9, 2007. Retrieved 2007 .
^ Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History . London: Century Ltd. pp. 232-233. ISBN 978-0-7126-5616-0 .
^ Barros Arana, Diego (2000) [1886]. "Capítulo XVII". Historia General de Chile (in Spanish). VII (2 ed.). Santiago, Chile: Editorial Universitaria . pp. 66-70. ISBN 956-11-1535-2 .
^ Eric J. Evans, The Forging of the Modern State: Early Industrial Britain, 1783-1870 (Routledge, 2014)
^ Robert Bisset, The Reign of George III: To which is Prefixed a View of the Progressive Improvements of England in Property and Strength to the Accession of His Majesty , Volume 2 (Edward Parker, 1822) p855