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1889
Calendar year
1889 (MDCCCLXXXIX ) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar , the 1889th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 889th year of the 2nd millennium , the 89th year of the 19th century , and the 10th and last year of the 1880s decade. As of the start of 1889, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
1889
Events
January–March
January 1
January 4 – An Act to Regulate Appointments in the Marine Hospital Service of the United States is signed by President Grover Cleveland . It establishes a Commissioned Corps of officers, as a predecessor to the modern-day U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps.
January 5 – Preston North End F.C. is declared the winner of the inaugural Football League in England.
January 8 – Herman Hollerith receives a patent for his electric tabulating machine in the United States.
January 15 – The Coca-Cola Company is originally incorporated as the Pemberton Medicine Company in Atlanta , Georgia .
January 22 – Columbia Phonograph is formed in Washington, D.C.
January 30 – Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria and his mistress Baroness Mary Vetsera commit a double suicide (or a murder-suicide) in the Mayerling hunting lodge.
February 5 – The first issue of Glasgow University Magazine is published in Scotland.
February 15 – The first issue of La Solidaridad is published in Spain.
February 11 – The Meiji Constitution of Japan is adopted; the 1st Diet of Japan convenes in 1890 .
February 22 – President Grover Cleveland signs a bill admitting North Dakota , South Dakota , Montana and Washington as U.S. states .
March 4 – Benjamin Harrison is sworn in , as the 23rd President of the United States.
March 9 – Battle of Metemma : Yohannes IV , Emperor of Ethiopia , is killed; Sudanese forces, who have been almost defeated, rally and destroy the Ethiopian army. Yohannes is probably the world's last ruler ever to die in battle; on March 25 Menelik II proclaims himself as his successor.
March 11 – The North Carolina Legislature issues a charter for the creation of Elon College .
March 15 – Samoan crisis : German and American warships keep each other at bay in a standoff in Apia Harbor, ending when a cyclone blows in and sinks them all.
March 22 – English Association football team Sheffield United F.C. is formed at the Adelphi Hotel, Sheffield .
March 23 – Claiming to be the Promised Messiah and Mahdi, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad founds the Ahmadiyya Muslim community in Punjab Province (British India) .
March 31 – The Eiffel Tower is inaugurated in Paris (opens May 6 ). At 300 m (980 ft), its height exceeds the previous tallest structure in the world by 130 m (430 ft). Contemporary critics regard it as aesthetically displeasing. The
Eiffel Tower is inaugurated on March 31, thus becoming the tallest structure in the world
April–June
May – 1889-1890 pandemic of influenza first reported in the city of Bukhara in the Central Asian part of the Russian Empire.[1]
May 2 – Menelik II , Emperor of Ethiopia , signs a treaty of amity with Italy, giving Italy control over what will become Eritrea .
May 6 – The Exposition Universelle opens in Paris, with the Eiffel Tower as its entrance arch. The Galerie des machines , at 111 m (364 ft), spans the longest interior space in the world at this time.
May 11 – Wham Paymaster robbery : An attack upon a U.S. Army paymaster and escort in the Arizona Territory results in the theft of over $28,000, and the award of two Medals of Honor .
May 28 – Rubber tire company Michelin is registered by Édouard and André Michelin in Clermont-Ferrand , France .
May 31
June – Vincent van Gogh paints The Starry Night at Saint-Rémy-de-Provence .
June 3 – The first long distance electric power transmission line in the United States is completed, running 14 miles (23 km) between a generator at Willamette Falls and downtown Portland, Oregon .
June 6 – The Great Seattle Fire ravages through the downtown area without any fatalities.
June 12 – The Armagh rail disaster near Armagh in Ireland kills 80 people.
June 19 – A Neapolitan baker named Raffaele Esposito invents the Pizza Margherita , named after the queen consort of Italy Margherita of Savoy . This is the forerunner of the modern pizza.
June 26 – Bangui is founded in the French Congo .
June 28 – The annular solar eclipse of June 28, 1889 is visible in Atlantic Ocean, Africa and Indian Ocean, and is the 47th solar eclipse of Solar Saros 125 .
June 29 –30 – First Inter-Parliamentary Conference held.July–September
July 8
July 14 – International Workers Congresses of Paris open, and establish the Second International .
July 31 – Louise, Princess Royal of the United Kingdom, marries Alexander Duff, 1st Duke of Fife .
August 3 – Mahdist War : Battle of Toski – Egyptian and British troops are victorious.
August 4 – The Great Fire of Spokane, Washington destroys some 32 blocks of the city, prompting a mass rebuilding project.
August 6 – The Savoy Hotel in London opens.[3]
August 10 – At the Vienna Hofburg , the grand opening ceremony is held for the Imperial Natural History Museum (German : K.k. Naturhistorisches Hofmuseum ), begun in 1871; from August 13 to the end of December, the museum counts 175,000 visitors.
August 14 –September 15 – London Dock Strike : Dockers strike for a minimum wage of sixpence an hour (The dockers' tanner ), which they eventually receive (a landmark in the development of New Unionism in Britain).[4]
August 26 – The Prevention of Cruelty to, and Protection of, Children Act , commonly known as the Children's Charter , is passed in the United Kingdom; for the first time it imposes criminal penalties to deter child abuse .[5]
August 30 – The Royal Mail Mount Pleasant Sorting Office officially opens in London.
August – The Jewish settlement of Moisés Ville is founded in Argentina .
September 10 – Albert Honoré Charles Grimaldi becomes Albert I, Prince of Monaco .
September 17 – Civil War veteran Charles Jefferson Wright founds New York Military Academy , with 75 students on 30 acres (120,000 m2 ) of land in Cornwall, New York .
September 23 – The Nintendo Koppai (Later Nintendo Company, Limited) is founded in Japan by Fusajiro Yamauchi , to produce and market Hanafuda playing cards .October–December
October 2 – In Washington, D.C., the first International Conference of American States begins.
October 6
October 12 – Gustaf Åkerhielm , previously Swedish Foreign Minister, replaces Gillis Bildt as Prime Minister of Sweden .
October 24 – Sir Henry Parkes , Premier of New South Wales , delivers the Tenterfield Oration , calling for the Federation of Australia .
October 29 – The British South Africa Company receives a Royal Charter.[2]
November – The first free elections are held in Costa Rica .
November 2
November 8 – Montana is admitted as the 41st U.S. state .
November 11 – Washington is admitted as the 42nd U.S. state .
November 14 – Inspired by Jules Verne , pioneer American woman journalist Nellie Bly (Elizabeth Cochrane) begins an attempt to beat travel around the world in less than 80 days (Bly finishes the journey in 72 days, 6 hours and 11 minutes).
November 15 – Field Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca organizes a military coup , which deposes Emperor Pedro II of Brazil and abolishes the Brazilian monarchy . Deodoro da Fonseca proclaims Brazil a republic, and forms a provisional government.
November 17 – The Brazilian Imperial Family is forced into exile in France.
November 19 – The modern-day flag of Brazil is adopted by the Provisional Government of the Republic.
November 20
November 23 – The first jukebox goes into operation, at the Palais Royale Saloon in San Francisco .
November 27 – Clemson University is founded in Clemson, South Carolina .
December 1 – The 1889-1890 pandemic of influenza first peaks, in Saint Petersburg , Russia.
December 4 – The Bayswater Railway Station (Victoria, Australia) officially opens.
December 14 – Wofford and Furman play the first intercollegiate football game, in the state of South Carolina.
December 23 – The Spanish football team Recreativo de Huelva is formed (the oldest club in Spain by the 21st century).
December 28 – The first interurban tram-train to emerge in the United States is the Newark and Granville Street Railway in Ohio.[7] Date unknown
Births
January
February
February 2 – Jean de Lattre de Tassigny , French general, posthumous Marshal of France (d. 1952 )
February 3 – Risto Ryti , Prime Minister and President of Finland (d. 1956 )
February 5 – Ernest Tyldesley , English cricketer (d. 1962 )
February 7 – Harry Nyquist , Swedish-American contributor to information theory (d. 1976 )
February 11 – John H. Mills, Sr. , African-American singer, one of the Mills Brothers (d. 1967 )
February 12 – Edward Hanson , 28th Governor of American Samoa (d. 1959 )
February 16 – Hawthorne C. Gray , record-setting American balloonist (d. 1927 )
February 19 – Ernest Marsden , British physicist (d. 1970 )
February 21 – Pieter Voltelyn Graham van der Byl , South African politician (d. 1975 )
February 22
February 23 – Victor Fleming , American motion picture director (d. 1949 )
February 24 – Suzanne Bianchetti , French actress (d. 1936 )
February 25 – Homer S. Ferguson , American politician (d. 1982 )March
March 1
March 4
March 6 – William D. Francis , Australian botanist (d. 1959 )
March 7 – Godfrey Chevalier , American naval aviation pioneer (d. 1922 )
March 15 – Hiroaki Abe , Japanese admiral (d. 1949 )
March 16 – Reggie Walker , South African athlete (d. 1951 )
March 21 – Aleksandr Vertinsky , Russian singer, actor (d. 1957 )
March 24 – Albert Hill , British athlete (d. 1969 )
March 29 – Warner Baxter , American actor (d. 1951 )
March 30 – Herman Bing , German-American character, voice actor (d. 1947 )
March 31 – Muriel Hazel Wright , Oklahoma author, historian (d. 1975 )April
May
June
July
July 3 – Richard Cramer , American actor (d. 1960 )
July 5 – Jean Cocteau , French writer (d. 1963 )
July 6 – Takeo It? , Japanese general (d. 1965 )
July 7 – Shiro Kawase , Japanese admiral (d. 1946 )
July 8 – Eugene Pallette , American actor (d. 1954 )
July 13 – Emma Asson , Estonian politician (d. 1965 )
July 14 – Ante Paveli? , Croatian fascist dictator (d. 1959 )
July 15 – Marjorie Rambeau , American actress (d. 1970 )
July 17 – Erle Stanley Gardner , American author (d. 1970 )
July 18 – K?ichi Kido , Japanese politician (d. 1977 )
July 19 – William Andrew Paton , American accountancy scholar (d. 1991 )
July 22 – Tony Jannus , American aviator, aircraft designer (d. 1916 )
July 24 – Murray Kinnell , English actor (d. 1954 )
July 30 – Dr. Rajeshwar Bali , Indian intellectual reformist (d. 1945 )August
August 5 – Conrad Aiken , American writer (d. 1973 )
August 6 – George Kenney , World War II United States Army Air Forces general (d. 1977 )
August 10 – Norman Scott , American admiral, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1942 )
August 11 – William Ronald Dodds Fairbairn Scottish psychiatrist, psychoanalyst and a central figure in the development of the object relations theory of psychoanalysis (d. 1942 )
August 12 – Zerna Sharp , American writer, educator (Dick and Jane ) (d. 1981 )
August 15 – Marthe Richard , French prostitute , spy and politician (d. 1982 )
August 21 – Sir Richard O'Connor , British general in World War II (d. 1981 )
August 25 – Ioan Dumitrache , Romanian general (d. 1977 )
August 29
September
September 2 – George H. Plympton , American screenwriter (d. 1972 )
September 7 – Albert Plesman , Dutch aviation pioneer (d. 1953 )
September 8 – Robert A. Taft , U.S. Senator from Ohio (d. 1953 )
September 11 – Suzanne Duchamp , French painter (d. 1963 )
September 12 – Ugo Pasquale Mifsud , 3rd Prime Minister of Malta (d. 1942 )
September 13 – Masao Maruyama , Japanese general (d. 1957 )
September 14 – María Capovilla , Ecuadorian supercentenarian , the last surviving person verified as born in 1889 (d. 2006 )
September 18 – Doris Blackburn , Australian politician (d. 1970 )
September 20 – Charles Reidpath , American athlete (d. 1975 )
September 25 – C. K. Scott-Moncrieff , Scottish writer, translator (d. 1930 )
September 26 – Martin Heidegger , German philosopher (d. 1976 )October
November
November 1 – Philip Noel-Baker, Baron Noel-Baker , Canadian-born peace activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1982 )
November 5 – Petre Cameni , Romanian general (d. 1962 )
November 10 – Claude Rains , English-born American actor (d. 1967 )
November 12 – DeWitt Wallace , American magazine publisher (Reader's Digest ) (d. 1981 )
November 14 – Jawaharlal Nehru , 1st Prime Minister of India (d. 1964 )
November 15 – Taha Hussein , Egyptian writer and intellectual (d. 1973 )
November 16 – George S. Kaufman , American playwright (d. 1961 )
November 18 – Zoltán Tildy , President of Hungary (d. 1961 )
November 19
November 20 – Edwin Hubble , American astronomer (d. 1953 )
November 23
November 25 – George McMillin , American admiral, last Naval Governor of Guam (d. 1983 )
November 30
December
December 1 – Vasily Blyukher , Soviet general, Marshal of the Soviet Union (d. 1938 )
December 2 – Oei Hui-lan (Madame Wellington Koo), Chinese-Indonesian socialite and First Lady of the Republic of China (d. 1992 )
December 3 – Walton Walker , American general (d. 1950 )
December 4 – Isabel Randolph , American actress (d. 1973 )
December 7 – Gabriel Marcel , French philosopher, playwright (d. 1973 )
December 9
December 11
December 18 – Juho Heiskanen , Finnish general (d. 1950 )
December 23 – Daniel E. Barbey , American admiral (d. 1969 )
December 30 – Adolfo Ruiz Cortines , Mexican politician and president (1952-1958) who granted women the right to vote. (d. 1973)[13] Date unknown
Deaths
January–June
January 13 – Solomon Bundy , American politician (b. 1823 )
January 22 – Carlo Pellegrini , Italian caricaturist (b. 1839)
January 30
February 3 – Belle Starr , American outlaw (b. 1848 )
February 13 – João Maurício Vanderlei , Brazilian magistrate and politician (b. 1815 )
March 5 – Mary Louise Booth , American editor-in-chief of Harper's Bazaar (b. 1831 )
March 8 – John Ericsson , Swedish inventor, engineer (b. 1803 )
March 9 – Emperor Yohannes IV of Ethiopia (b. 1837 )
March 13 – Felice Varesi , French-born Italian baritone (b. 1813 )
March 22 – Stanley Matthews , American jurist and politician (b. 1824 )
March 24 – The Leatherman , possibly French-Canadian vagabond in the U.S. (b. c. 1839 )
March 26 – Elizabeth Ayton Godwin , English hymn writer and religious poet (b. 1817 )
April 6 – Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel (b. 1797 )
April 7 – Youssef Bey Karam ,[14] Lebanese nationalist leader (b. 1823 )
April 12 – Robert Dunsmuir , Scottish-born Canadian industrialist and politician (b. 1825 )
April 15 – Father Damien , Belgian Roman Catholic priest, missionary to Hawaiians with leprosy and saint (b. 1840 )
April 21 – Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada , Mexican jurist, 27th President of Mexico (b. 1823 )[15]
April 23 – Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly , French writer (b. 1808 )
April 25 - Mary Dominus , American settler of Hawaii (b. 1803 )
May 9 – William S. Harney , U.S. Army general (b. 1800 )
May 10 – Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin , Russian satirist (b. 1826 )
May 14 – Volney E. Howard , American politician (b. 1809 )
May 28 – Madeleine Vinton Dahlgren , American translator and anti-suffragist (b. 1825 )
June 8 – Gerard Manley Hopkins , English poet (b. 1844 )
June 10 – Abraham Hochmuth , Hungarian rabbi (b. 1816 )
June 15 – Mihai Eminescu , Romanian poet (b. 1850 )
June 25 – Lucy Webb Hayes , First Lady of the United States (b. 1831 )July–December
July 7 – Giovanni Bottesini , Italian conductor, composer and virtuoso double bass player (b. 1821 )
July 10 – Julia Gardiner Tyler , First Lady of the United States (b. 1820 )
August 2 – Eduardo Gutiérrez , Argentinian author (b. 1851 )
August 19 – Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam , French writer (b. 1838 )
September 16 – Bob Younger , American outlaw, youngest of the Younger outlaws
September 23 – Wilkie Collins , British novelist (b. 1824 )
September 24 – Charles Leroux , American balloonist, parachutist (b. 1856 )
September 29 – Louis Faidherbe , French general and colonial administrator (b. 1818 )
October 3 – Karel Miry , Belgian composer (b. 1823 )
October 10 – Adolf von Henselt , German composer (b. 1814 )
October 11 – James Prescott Joule , English physicist (b. 1818 )
October 17 – Rodrigo Augusto da Silva , Brazilian Senator, author of the Golden Law (b. 1833 )
October 19 – King Luís I of Portugal (b. 1838 )
October 25 – Émile Augier , French dramatist (b. 1820 )
November 16 – Sergei Bobokhov , Russian revolutionary, who committed suicide as a protest against the flogging of woman comrade in Siberia. (b. 1858 )
November 18 – William Allingham , Irish author (b. 1824 )
November 24 – George H. Pendleton , American politician (b. 1825 )
December 6 – Jefferson Davis , President of the Confederate States of America (b. 1808 )
December 12 – Robert Browning , English poet (b. 1812 )
December 28 – Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies , Empress consort of Brazil (b. 1822 )
December 29
December 30 – Sir Henry Yule , Scottish orientalist (b. 1820 )
December 31 – Ion Creang? , Romanian writer (b. 1837 or 1839 )Date unknown
References
^ Ryan, Jeffrey R., ed. (2008). "Past Pandemics and Their Outcome" . Pandemic Influenza: Emergency Planning and Community Preparedness . CRC Press. p. 16. ISBN 978-1-42006088-1 .
^ a b Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History . London: Century Ltd. pp. 315-316. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2 .
^ Penguin Pocket On This Day . Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0 .
^ "The Great Dock Strike" . PortCities project . Archived from the original on February 25, 2008. Retrieved 2008 .
^ Batty, David (May 18, 2005). "Timeline: a history of child protection" . The Guardian . Retrieved 2010 .
^ "The Historical Don" . Retrieved 2015 .
^ Hilton, George W.; Due, John F. (2000). The Electric Interurban Railways in America . Stanford University Press. p. 9.
^ Donald Beaty et al., "Standard Handbook for Electrical Engineers 11th Ed.", McGraw Hill, 1978
^ "ACW's Insulator Info - Book Reference Info - History of Electrical Systems and Cables" .
^ R. M. Black The History of Electric Wires and Cables , Peter Perigrinus, London 1983 ISBN 0-86341-001-4 pages 94-96
^ "Zigzag Journeys in the Camel Country: Arabia in Picture and Story" . World Digital Library . 1911. Retrieved 2013 .
^ "Abelardo L. Rodríguez" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019 .
^ "Adolfo Ruiz Cortines" (in Spanish). Biografias y Vidas. Retrieved 2019 .
^ Youssef Bey Karam on Ehden Family Tree website
^ "BIOGRAFÍA DE SEBASTIÁN LERDO DE TEJADA" (in Spanish). Historia-Biografia.com. Retrieved 2019 .
Further reading and year books
1889 Annual Cyclopedia online , Highly detailed global coverage