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1900
Year
1900 (MCM ) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar , the 1900th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 900th year of the 2nd millennium , the 100th and last year of the 19th century , and the 1st year of the 1900s decade. As of the start of 1900, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
1900
As of March 1 (O.S. February 17 ), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days until February 28 (O.S. February 15 ), 2100.
Events
January
February
March
April
Exposition Universelle view in Paris
May
June
June 1 - American temperance agitator Carrie Nation begins her crusade to demolish saloons.
June 5 - Second Boer War : British soldiers take Pretoria .
June 14 - The Reichstag approves the second of the German Naval Laws allowing expansion of the Imperial German Navy .
June 17 - Boxer Rebellion - Battle of Dagu Forts : Naval forces of the Eight-Nation Alliance capture the Taku Forts , on the Hai River estuary in China.
June 20 - Boxer Rebellion : Boxers gather about 20,000 people near Peking , and kill hundreds of European citizens, including the German ambassador.
June 25 - The Taoist monk Wang Yuanlu discovers the Dunhuang manuscripts , a cache of ancient texts that are of great historical and religious significance, in the Mogao Caves of Dunhuang , China, where they have been sealed since the early 11th century.
June 27 - The London Underground 's Central London Railway opens.
June 30 - Hoboken Docks fire : A wharf fire at the docks in Hoboken, New Jersey , owned by the North German Lloyd Steamship line, spreads to German passenger ships Saale , Main , and Bremen . The fire engulfs the adjacent piers and nearby ships, killing 326 people.
July
August
September
October
November
December
Date unknown
Births
January
January 1
January 2
January 3
January 4
January 5
January 6
January 8
January 9 - Richard Halliburton , American adventurer, writer (d. 1939 )
January 10 - Jean Gehret , Swedish actor, director (d. 1956 )
January 11
January 13 - Shimizugawa Motokichi , Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1967 )
January 16
January 18 - Wan Laiming , Chinese animator (d. 1997 )
January 20
January 22
January 23 - William Ifor Jones , Welsh conductor, organist (d. 1988 )
January 24 - Theodosius Dobzhansky , Ukrainian geneticist, evolutionary biologist (d. 1975 )
January 26 - Karl Ristenpart , German conductor (d. 1967 )
January 27 - Hyman G. Rickover , American admiral (d. 1986 )
January 28 - Rajagopala Tondaiman , King of Pudukkottai (d. 1950 )
January 30 - Martita Hunt , Argentine-born British actress (d. 1969 )[12]
January 31 - Betty Parsons , American artist, art dealer and collector (d. 1982 )[13] February
February 2
February 4 - Jacques Prévert , French lyricist, author (d. 1977 )
February 5 - Adlai Stevenson , American politician (d. 1965 )
February 11
February 12
February 13 - Barbara von Annenkoff , Russian-born German film, stage actress (d. 1979 )
February 21 - Jeanne Aubert , French singer, actress (d. 1988 )[16]
February 22 - Luis Buñuel , Spanish film director (d. 1983 )
February 24 - Irmgard Bartenieff , German-American dancer, physical therapist and leading pioneer of dance therapy (d. 1981 )
February 25
February 26 - Halina Konopacka , Polish athlete (d. 1989 )[17]
February 28 - Wolfram Hirth , German pilot, aircraft designer (d. 1959 )March
March 3
March 4 - Herbert Biberman , American screenwriter, film director (d. 1971 )
March 5
March 7
March 8
March 10 - Violet Brown , Jamaican supercentenarian, oldest Jamaican ever (d. 2017 )[20]
March 11
March 12 - Gustavo Rojas Pinilla , 19th President of Colombia (d. 1975 )
March 13
March 16 - Mencha Karnicheva , Macedonian revolutionary, assassin (d. 1964 )[22]
March 19
March 20 - Amelia Chopitea Villa , Bolivia's first female physician (d. 1942 )[24]
March 23 - Erich Fromm , German-born psychologist, philosopher who lived in Cuernavaca , Mexico (d. 1980 )[25]
March 26 - Angela Maria Autsch , German nun, died in Auschwitz helping Jewish prisoners (d. 1941 )[26]
March 29
March 31 - Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester (d. 1974 )April
April 1 - Stefanie Clausen , Danish Olympic diver (d. 1981 )[27]
April 2 - Roberto Arlt , Argentine writer (d. 1942 )
April 3
April 5
April 8 - Marie Byles , Australian solicitor (d. 1979 )[28]
April 10 - Arnold Orville Beckman , American chemist and investor (d. 2004 )
April 11 - Sándor Márai , Hungarian writer and journalist (d. 1989 )
April 13 - Sorcha Boru , American potter, ceramic sculptor (d. 2006 )
April 16 - Polly Adler , Russian-American author, madam (d. 1962 )[29]
April 18 - Bertha Isaacs , Bahamian teacher, tennis player, politician and women's rights activist (d. 1997 )[30]
April 19
April 21 - Hans Fritzsche , German Nazi official (d. 1953 )
April 22 - Nellie Beer , British politician, Lord Mayor of Manchester (1966-67) (d. 1988 )[31]
April 24 - Elizabeth Goudge , English writer (d. 1984 )[32] [33]
April 25 - Wolfgang Pauli , Austrian-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1958 )
April 26
April 27 - August Koern , Estonian statesman, diplomat (d. 1989 )
April 28
April 29
April 30 - Cecily Lefort , English World War II heroine, spy for the SOE (d. 1945 )[37] May
May 1 - Ignazio Silone , Italian author (d. 1978 )
May 2 - A. W. Lawrence , British leading authority on classical sculpture and architecture (d. 1991 )
May 5
May 6 - Zheng Ji , Chinese nutritionist, biochemist (d. 2010 )
May 9 - Maria Malicka , Polish stage, film actress (d. 1992 )[39]
May 10 - Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin , British-American astronomer, astrophysicist (d. 1979 )[40]
May 11 - Thomas H. Robbins, Jr. , American admiral (d. 1972 )
May 12 - Helene Weigel , Austrian actress (d. 1971 )[41]
May 14 - Cai Chang , Chinese politician, women's rights activist (d. 1990 )[42]
May 15 - Ida Rhodes , American mathematician, pioneer in computer programming (d. 1986 )[43]
May 22
May 23 - Hans Frank , German Nazi official (executed 1946 )
May 24 - Sonia Rosemary Keppel, British baroness, grandmother of Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall (d. 1986 )[44]
May 26 - Karin Juel , Swedish singer, actor and writer (d. 1976 )
May 27
May 28 - Tommy Ladnier , American jazz trumpeter (d. 1939 )
May 29 - David Maxwell Fyfe, 1st Earl of Kilmuir , British politician, lawyer and judge (d. 1967 )
May 31 - Lucile Godbold , American Olympic athlete (d. 1981 )[46] June
June 3
June 4 - George Watkins , American baseball player (d. 1970 )
June 5 - Dennis Gabor , Hungarian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979 )
June 7
June 8 - Lena Baker , African-American maid executed for capital murder, pardoned posthumously (d. 1945 )[48]
June 11
June 14
June 15 - Paul Mares , American jazz trumpeter (d. 1949 )
June 17
June 18 - Vlasta Vraz , Czech-American relief worker, editor and fundraiser (d. 1989 )
June 21 - Choi Yong-kun , North Korean general, defense minister (d. 1976 )
June 22
June 23 - Blanche Noyes , American aviator, winner of the 1936 Bendix Trophy Race (d. 1981 )[52]
June 24
June 25
June 26 - John Benham , British long-distance runner (d. 1990 )
June 27 - Dixie Brown , St Lucian-born British boxer (d. 1957 )
June 29 - Antoine de Saint-Exupéry , French pilot, writer (d. 1944 )
June 30 - Alf Ihlen , Norwegian industrialist (d. 2006 )July
July 2
July 4
July 5
July 6
July 7
July 9 - Joseph LaShelle , American cinematographer (d. 1989 )
July 10 - Evelyn Laye , English actress (d. 1996 )[59]
July 11 - Lily Eberwein , Sarawakian nationalist, women's rights activist (d. 1980 )[60]
July 13
July 15 - Enrique Cadícamo , Argentine tango lyricist, poet and novelist (d. 1999 )
July 16 - Mumon Yamada , Japanese Rinzai religious leader (d. 1988 )
July 20 - Hunter Lane , American baseball player (d. 1994 )
July 21 - Isadora Bennett , American theatre manager, modern dance publicity agent (d. 1980 )
July 23
July 26 - Sarah Kafrit , Israeli politician, teacher (d. 1983 )[63]
July 28 - Lady Dorothy Macmillan , spouse of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1966 )
July 29
August
August 3 - Ernie Pyle , American journalist (d. 1945 )
August 4
August 6 - Cecil Howard Green , British-born geophysicist, businessman (d. 2003 )
August 8 - Alexis Minotis , Greek actor, stage director (d. 1990 )
August 9 - Charles Farrell , American actor (d. 1990 )
August 10 - Arthur Espie Porritt , New Zealand politician, athlete (d. 1994 )
August 11
August 14
August 15 - Estelle Brody , American silent film actress (d. 1995 )[69]
August 16 - Ida Browne , Australian geologist, palaeontologist (d. 1976 )[70]
August 17
August 18
August 19
August 22
August 23
August 25
August 26
September
September 3 - Urho Kekkonen , 8th President of Finland (d. 1986 )
September 5 - Grace Eldering , American public health scientist, co-developed vaccine for whooping cough (d. 1988 )[80]
September 6 - W. A. C. Bennett , Canadian politician (d. 1979 )
September 8 - Tilly Devine , English-Australian organised crime boss (d. 1970 )[81]
September 11 - Jimmy Brain , English footballer (d. 1971 )
September 12 - Eric Thiman , English composer (d. 1975 )
September 17
September 18
September 20 - Uuno Klami , Finnish composer (d. 1961 )
September 22 - Paul Hugh Emmett , American chemical engineer (d. 1985 )
September 23 - Louise Nevelson , Ukrainian-born American sculptor (d. 1988 )
September 26 - Suzanne Belperron , French jewellery designer (d. 1983 )[85]
September 27 - Miguel Alemán Valdés , 46th President of Mexico , 1946-1952 (d. 1983 )[86]
September 28 - Isabel Pell , American socialite, fought as part of the French Resistance during WWII (d. 1951 )
September 29 - Auguste van Pels , German-Dutch mother of Peter van Pels, housemate of Anne Frank (d. 1945 )October
October 1 - Tom Goddard , English cricketer (d. 1966 )
October 2 - Olive Ann Alcorn , American dancer, model, and silent film actress (d. 1975 )[87]
October 5
October 6
October 7 - Heinrich Himmler , German Nazi official, SS head (d. 1945 )
October 9
October 10 - Helen Hayes , American actress (d. 1993 )[91]
October 16 - Edward Ardizzone , English painter, printmaker and author (d. 1979 )
October 17
October 18
October 19
October 20 - Ismail al-Azhari , 2nd Prime Minister of Sudan , 3rd President of Sudan (d. 1969 )
October 21
October 26
October 30
October 31 - Asbjørg Borgfelt , Norwegian sculptor (d. 1976 )November
November 2 - Carola Neher , German actress and singer (d. 1942 )
November 4 - Lucre?iu P?trcanu , Romanian communist activist, sociologist (d. 1954 )
November 5
November 6
November 8
November 10 - Rudolf Vogel , German film and television actor (d. 1967 )
November 11
November 13 - David Marshall Williams , American inventor (d. 1975 )
November 14 - Aaron Copland , American composer (d. 1990 )
November 16
November 20
November 21 - Bettina Warburg , German-American psychiatrist, professor (d. 1990 )
November 22 - Tom Macdonald , Welsh journalist, novelist (d. 1980 )
November 25 - Rudolf Höß , German Nazi official (d. 1947 )
November 26 - Anna Maurizio , Swiss biologist, known for her study of bees (d. 1993 )[103]
November 27 - Jovette Bernier , Canadian journalist, author, and radio show host (d. 1981 )[104]
November 28 - Mary Bothwell , Canadian classical vocalist, painter (d. 1985 )[105]
November 29
November 30 - Luigi Stipa , Italian aeronautical, hydraulic, and civil engineer and aircraft designer (d. 1992 )December
December 2
December 3
December 4 - John Axon , British railwayman (d. 1957 )
December 6 - Agnes Moorehead , American actress, best known for her role in Bewitched (d. 1974 )[109]
December 7
December 10 - Dominic Costa , Australian politician (d. 1976 )
December 11 - Hermína Týrlová , Czechoslovakian animator, screenwriter, and film director (d. 1993 )[111]
December 12 - Sammy Davis Sr. , American dancer (d. 1988 )
December 16 - Rudolf Diels , German Nazi civil servant, Gestapo chief (d. 1957 )
December 17
December 19 - Margaret Brundage , American illustrator, known for illustrating the pulp magazine Weird Tales (d. 1976 )[114]
December 20
December 22
December 23
December 24
December 25 - Antoni Zygmund , Polish mathematician (d. 1992 )
December 26 - Evelyn Bark , leading member of the British Red Cross , first female recipient of the CMG (d. 1993 )[116] Date Unknown
Robina Addis , early British professional psychiatric social worker (d. 1986 )[117]
Margaret Altmann , German-American biologist, specialist in animal husbandry and psychobiology (d. 1984 )[118]
Juanita Ángeles , Filipina silent film actress (d. unknown)
Hattie Moseley Austin , African-American entrepreneur, restaurateur (d. 1998 )[119]
Louella Ballerino , American fashion designer, known for her work in sportswear (d. 1978 )[120]
Natalya Bilikhodze , Russian Romanov impostor falsely claiming to be Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia (d. 2000 )[121]
Ruth Bonner , Soviet Communist activist, sentenced to labor camp during Joseph Stalin 's Great Purge (d. 1987 )[122] [123]
Anna Borkowska (Sister Bertranda) , Polish nun, prioress who hid 17 Jews in her monastery during WWII (d. 1988 )
Grace Hartman , Canadian social activist, politician, and first female mayor of Sudbury , Ontario (d. 1998 )[124]
Elisabeth Inglis-Jones , Welsh novelist, biographer (d. 1994 )
Rubén Jaramillo , Mexican peasant leader (d. 1962 )[125]
Bella Reay , English footballer (d. unknown)
Saira Elizabeth Luiza Shah , Scottish writer (d. 1960 )
Virginia Frances Sterrett , American artist, illustrator (d. 1931 )[126]
Yung Fung-shee , Hong Kong philanthropist (d. 1972 )Deaths
January-June
January 4 - Stanis?aw Mieroszewski , Polish-born politician, writer, historian and member of the Imperial Council of Austria (b. 1827 )
January 5 - William A. Hammond , American military physician, neurologist, and 11th Surgeon General of the United States Army (1862-1864) (b. 1828 )
January 16 - S. M. I. Henry , American evangelist (b. 1839 )
January 20 - John Ruskin , English writer, artist, and social critic (b. 1819 )
January 21 - Francis, Duke of Teck (b. 1837 )
January 31 - John Douglas, 9th Marquess of Queensberry , Scottish nobleman, boxer (b. 1844 )
February 6 - Sir William Wilson Hunter , Scottish historian, civil servant and academic administrator (b. 1840 )
February 18 - Clinton L. Merriam , American politician (b. 1824 )
February 23 - William Butterfield , British architect (b. 1814 )
March 6
March 7 - Rachel Lloyd , American chemist (b. 1839 )
March 10 - Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann , Danish composer (b. 1805 )
March 14 - Lucinda Hinsdale Stone , American feminist (b. 1814 )
March 18 - Hjalmar Kiærskou , Danish botanist (b. 1835 )
March 28 - Piet Joubert , Boer politician, military commander (b. 1834 )
March 29 - Cyrus K. Holliday , cofounder of Topeka, Kansas , 1st president of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (b. 1826 )
April 2 - Gustaf Åkerhielm , 6th Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1833 )
April 5
April 7 - Frederic Edwin Church , American landscape painter (b. 1826 )
April 12 - James Richard Cocke , American physician, homeopath, and pioneer hypnotherapist (b. 1863 )
April 17 - George Curry , Wild West robber (Wild Bunch ) (shot) (b. 1871 )
April 19 - James Dawson , Australian activist (b. 1806 )
April 22 - Amédée-François Lamy , French soldier (b. 1858 ) (killed in battle)
April 24 - George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll , British politician (b. 1823 )
April 30 - Casey Jones , American railway engineer (b. 1863 )
May 1 - Mihály Munkácsy , Hungarian painter (b. 1844 )
May 9 - Carit Etlar (Carl Brosbøll) , Danish author (b. 1816 )
May 18 - Félix Ravaisson-Mollien , French philosopher (b. 1813 )
May 28 - Sir George Grove , English music writer (b. 1820 )
June 2
June 3
June 5 - Stephen Crane , American author (b. 1871 )
June 11 - Belle Boyd , American Confederate spy, actress (b. 1843 )
June 19 - Princess Josephine of Baden (b. 1813 )July-December
July 5 - Henry Barnard , American educationalist (b. 1811 )
July 8 - Henry D. Cogswell , American philanthropist (b. 1820 )
July 9 - Gregorio Grassi , Italian Franciscan friar, Roman Catholic martyr and saint (b. 1833 )
July 10 - Willis Willard Elliott , American soldier and centenarian (b. 1799)
July 26 - Nicolae Cre?ulescu , 2-time Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1812 )
July 29 - King Umberto I of Italy (assassinated) (b. 1844 )
July 31 - Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha , second son of Queen Victoria (b. 1844 )
August 1 - Rafael Molina Sanchez , Spanish bullfighter (b. 1841 )
August 4 - Étienne Lenoir , Belgian engineer (b. 1822 )
August 6 - Esther Tuttle Pritchard , American missionary (b. 1840 )
August 7 - Wilhelm Liebknecht , German Social Democratic politician (b. 1826 )
August 8
August 10 - Charles Russell, Baron Russell of Killowen , Lord Chief Justice of England (b. 1832 )
August 12 - Wilhelm Steinitz , Austrian-born chess player, first undisputed World Champion (b. 1836 )
August 13 - Vladimir Solovyov , Russian philosopher and poet (b. 1853 )
August 16 - José Maria de Eça de Queirós , Portuguese writer (b. 1845 )
August 23 - Kuroda Kiyotaka , Japanese politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1840 )
August 25 - Friedrich Nietzsche , German philosopher, writer (b. 1844 )
September 5 - Arthur Sewall , American politician, industrialist (b. 1835 )
September 19 - Belle Archer , American actress (b. 1859 )
September 23
September 27 - Albert Bernhard Frank , German botanist, mycologist (b. 1839 )
September 29 - Samuel Fenton Cary , American politician (b. 1814 )
October 15 - Zden?k Fibich , Czech composer (b. 1850 )
October 19 - Sir Roderick Cameron , Canadian shipping magnate (b. 1825 )
October 20 - Charles Dudley Warner , American writer (b. 1829 )
October 22 - John Sherman , American politician (b.1823 )
October 28 - Max Müller , German philologist, Orientalist (b. 1823 )
November 11 - Frances Griswold , pen name "Fan-Fan", American author of Sunday school tales (b. 1826 )
November 22 - Sir Arthur Sullivan , English composer (b. 1842 )
November 26 - Méry Laurent , French artist's muse, model (b. 1849 )
November 30 - Oscar Wilde , Irish writer (b. 1854 )
December 4 - Aquileo Parra , 11th President of Colombia (b. 1825 )
December 14 - Paddy Ryan , Irish-American boxer, former world's heavyweight champion (b. 1851 )
December 20 - Florence Carpenter Ives , American journalist (b. 1854 )
December 21 - Leonhard Graf von Blumenthal , Prussian field marshal (b. 1810 )
December 29 - John Henry Leech , English entomologist (b. 1862 )
December 31 - José Plácido Caamaño , 12th President of Ecuador (b. 1837 )
undated - Lin Hei'er , Chinese rebelWorld population
World population : 1,640,000,000
Africa: 133,000,000
Asia: 947,000,000
Europe: 408,000,000
Latin America: 74,000,000
Northern America: 82,000,000
Oceania: 6,000,000 References
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Further reading