Get 1950 essential facts below. View
Videos or
join the 1950 discussion .
Add 1950 to your PopFlock.com topic list for future reference or
share this resource on social media.
1950
Calendar year
1950 (MCML ) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar , the 1950th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 950th year of the 2nd millennium , the 50th year of the 20th century , and the 1st year of the 1950s decade.
1950
January
February
February 1 - Chiang Kai-shek is re-elected as president of the Republic of China.
February 4 - Ingrid Bergman 's illegitimate child arouses ire in the U.S.
February 6
February 8
February 9 - Second Red Scare : In his speech to the Republican Women's Club at the McClure Hotel in Wheeling, West Virginia , Senator Joseph McCarthy accuses the United States Department of State of being filled with 205 Communists .
February 11
February 12
February 13
February 14 - Cold War :
The Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China sign a mutual defense treaty (later terminated in 1979 ).
In an election speech at Edinburgh , Winston Churchill proposes "a parley at the summit" with Soviet leaders, the first use of the term "summit " for such a meeting.[8]
February 15
February 19 - Konrad Adenauer tries unsuccessfully to negotiate with East Germany , to begin unification.
February 21 - Cunard liner Aquitania arrives at the scrapyard in Faslane at the end of a 36-year career, the longest of any in the 20th Century.
February 23 - 1950 United Kingdom general election : The Labour Party, led by Clement Attlee , remains in office, but the Tories, led by Winston Churchill, increase their seats in the House of Commons.March
April
May
June
July
August
August 1 - Crusader Rabbit , the first animated TV series, debuts on television in the United States.
August 5
August 6 - Monarchist demonstrations lead to a riot in Brussels .
August 8
August 12
August 15 - The 8.6 Mw Assam-Tibet earthquake shakes the region, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme ), killing between 1,500 and 3,300 people.
August 17 - Korean War - Hill 303 massacre : 39 U.S. soldiers are executed, after being captured in battle by North Korea.
August 22
August 23 - Legendary singer-actor Paul Robeson , whose passport had recently been revoked because of his alleged Communist affiliations, meets with U.S. officials in an effort to get it reinstated. He is unsuccessful, and it is not reinstated until 1958.September
October
November
November 1
November 4 - The United Nations ends the diplomatic isolation of Spain .
November 8 - Korean War : While in an F-80 , United States Air Force Lt. Russell J. Brown intercepts 2 North Korean MiG-15s near the Yalu River and shoots them down, in the first jet -to-jet dogfight in history.
November 10 - A U.S. Air Force B-50 Superfortress bomber, experiencing an in-flight emergency , jettisons and detonates a Mark 4 nuclear bomb over Quebec, Canada (the device lacks its plutonium core).
November 11 - The Mattachine Society is founded in Los Angeles, California , as the first gay -liberation organization.
November 13
November 17 - Tenzin Gyatso, 15, is formally enthroned as the 14th Dalai Lama , becoming temporal ruler of Tibet .[18]
November 18 - The United Nations accepts the formation of the Libyan National Council.
November 24 - A phenomenal winter storm ravages the northeastern United States, brings 30-50 inches of snow and temperatures below zero, and kills 323 people.
November 26 - Korean War : Troops from the People's Republic of China launch a massive counterattack against South Korean and United Nations forces at the Ch'ongch'on River and the Chosin Reservoir , dashing any hopes for a quick end to the conflict.
November 28
The Colombo Plan for Co-operative Economic Development in South and South-East Asia comes into effect.
Greece and Yugoslavia reform diplomatic relations.
November 29 - The National Council of the Churches of Christ in the USA is founded.
November 30 - Douglas MacArthur threatens to use nuclear weapons in Korea.December
Date unknown
Births
January
February
February 1 - Kazimierz Nycz , Polish clergyman
February 3 - Morgan Fairchild , American actress (Flamingo Road )
February 6 - Natalie Cole , African-American singer (d. 2015 )
February 7 - Karen Joy Fowler , American author[33]
February 10
February 12
February 13 - Peter Gabriel , English rock musician, original lead singer of Genesis [36]
February 15 - Tsui Hark , Hong Kong film director
February 16 - Peter Hain , Kenyan-born British politician[37]
February 18
February 21
February 22
February 24 - George Thorogood , American musician[44]
February 25
February 26 - Helen Clark , Prime Minister of New Zealand [47]
February 27 - Azean Irdawaty , Malaysian actress, singer (d. 2013 )
February 28 - Jaime Fabregas , Filipino actorMarch
March 1 - Phil Alden Robinson , American film director
March 2
March 4 - Rick Perry , American politician, 14th U.S. Secretary of Energy , 47th Governor of Texas
March 7 - Leo Martinez , Filipino actor, comedian, and director
March 9 - Danny Sullivan , American race car driver
March 10
March 11
March 12 - Javier Clemente , Spanish football player, manager
March 13
March 14 - Rick Dees , American entertainer
March 15 - Cláudio Duarte , Brazilian footballer and coach
March 18
March 20 - William Hurt , American actor
March 21 - Sergey Lavrov , current Foreign Minister of Russia
March 22
March 23 - Alain Elkann , Italian novelist
March 24 - Allen Stanford , American financier
March 25
March 26
March 27 - Maria Ewing , American opera singer[49]
March 29
March 30 - Robbie Coltrane , Scottish actor, comedianApril
April 1 - Samuel Alito , Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
April 4 - Christine Lahti , American actress
April 5
April 6 - Tan Aik Mong , Malaysian badminton player (d. 2020 )
April 7 - Marisa Letícia Lula da Silva , former First Lady of Brazil (d. 2017 )
April 8 - Grzegorz Lato , Polish footballer
April 10 - Ken Griffey, Sr. , American baseball player
April 11 - Bill Irwin , American actor
April 12
April 13
April 14
April 15 - Josiane Balasko , French actress, writer and director
April 18 - Kenny Ortega , American filmmaker, touring manager, and choreographer
April 20
April 21 - Shivaji Satam , Indian tactor
April 22
April 23 - Steve McCurry , American photographer
April 26 - Liz Chase , Zimbabwean field hockey player (d. 2018 )
April 28 - Jay Leno , American comedian and talk show host
April 29
May
May 1 - Yang Jiechi , Chinese politician
May 2
May 5 - Googoosh , Iranian singer, actress
May 6 - Jeffery Deaver , American crime writer[53]
May 7 - Tim Russert , American journalist (Meet the Press ) (d. 2008 )[54]
May 8 - José Ángel Gurría , Secretary-General of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
May 10 - Dale Wilson , Canadian voice actor
May 11 - Sadashiv Amrapurkar , Indian actor (d. 2014 )
May 12
May 13
May 14 - Jill Stein , American politician, activist, and 2016 Green Party presidential candidate
May 15
May 16 - Georg Bednorz , German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
May 17 - Janez Drnov?ek , Slovenian politician, 2-time Prime Minister of Slovenia , 2nd President of Slovenia (d. 2008 )
May 18
May 21 - Marian Finucane , Irish broadcaster (d. 2020 )
May 22 - Bernie Taupin , English lyricist, collaborator with Elton John
May 23
May 27 - Alex Gray , Scottish crime writer
May 29
May 31 - Gregory Harrison , American actor and directorJune
June 1 - Gennadi Manakov , Soviet and Russian cosmonaut (d. 2019 )
June 3
June 5 - Abraham Sarmiento, Jr. , Filipino journalist, political activist (d. 1977 )
June 8 - Kathy Baker , American actress
June 13 - Belinda Bauer , Australian actress
June 14 - Rowan Williams , Archbishop of Canterbury
June 15 - Lakshmi Mittal , Indian industrialist
June 16 - Mithun Chakraborty , Indian actor, singer, producer, writer, social worker, entrepreneur
June 19 - Ann Wilson , American singer, musician ((Heart) )
June 20 - Nouri al-Maliki , 74th Prime Minister of Iraq
June 21
June 22
June 24 - Nancy Allen , American actress
June 25
June 26 - Jaak Joala , Estonian singer, musician (d. 2010 )
June 29 - Simone Gbagbo , ICC criminal, former Ivorian politician and First Lady
June 30 - Leonard Whiting , British actorJuly
July 1 - Fakahau Valu , Tongan rugby union player
July 2 - Jorge Del Castillo , Peruvian lawyer and politician
July 3 - Yisrael Aharoni , Israeli Chef and actor
July 5 - Huey Lewis , American rock singer (The Power of Love )
July 6 - Wallerand de Saint-Just , French lawyer and politician
July 7 - Riki Gal , Israeli singer
July 9 - Viktor Yanukovych , President of Ukraine
July 11 - Pervez Hoodbhoy , Pakistani nuclear physicist and social activist
July 12 - Eric Carr , American rock drummer, musician (Kiss ) (d. 1991 )[58]
July 13
July 14 - Chungsen Leung , Taiwanese-Canadian businessman, politician
July 17
July 18
July 19 - Per-Kristian Foss , Norwegian Minister of Finance
July 26 - Susan George , British actress
July 28
July 29 - Jenny Holzer , American conceptual artist[61] August
August 2 - Lance Ito , American judge
August 3
August 4 - Gidi Gov , Israeli singer and artist
August 5 - Rosi Mittermaier , German ski racer
August 7 - Alan Keyes , African-American conservative political activist
August 8
August 9 - Anémone , French actress, filmmaker and political activist (d. 2019 )
August 10 - Patti Austin , African-American singer
August 11
August 12
August 15
August 16
August 17 - Jose Apolinario Lozada Jr. , Filipino diplomat, politician (d. 2018 )
August 19 - Sudha Murthy , Indian philanthropist and author[65]
August 22 - Scooter Libby , American conservative political adviser
August 23 - Alan Tam , Hong Kong singer and actor
August 27 - Charles Fleischer , American actor, stand-up comedian and voice artistSeptember
October
October 1
October 3 - Phyllis Nelson , American singer (d. 1998 )
October 7 - Jakaya Kikwete , 4th President of Tanzania
October 9 - Jody Williams , American teacher, aid worker and recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
October 10 - Nora Roberts , American novelist
October 12
October 17
October 18 - Wendy Wasserstein , American playwright (d. 2006 )
October 19 - Bishop Bill Ray , 10th Bishop of North Queensland
October 20 - Tom Petty , American rock singer (d. 2017 )
October 22 - Donald Ramotar , 8th President of Guyana
October 25
October 28
October 29
October 31 - John Candy , Canadian comedian, actor (Second City Television ) (d. 1994 )November
November 1 - Robert B. Laughlin , American Nobel Prize laureate[67]
November 3 - Massimo Mongai , Italian author
November 4 - Charles Frazier , American novelist
November 9 - Maravillas Rojo , Catalan politician
November 10 - Debra Hill , American producer (d. 2005 )
November 13 - Jules Sylvester , British wild animal trainer, actor and television presenter
November 17 - Roland Matthes , German swimmer
November 21 - Alberto Juantorena , Cuban athlete
November 23
November 28
November 29 - Olavi Mäenpää , Finnish politician (d. 2018 )
November 30
December
December 1
December 2
December 5 - Camarón de la Isla , Spanish singer (d. 1992 )
December 7 - Hasanaga Sadigov , Azerbaijani ashik musician (d. 2018 )
December 8
December 9 - Joan Armatrading , St. Kitts-born English singer, songwriter
December 12
December 13 - Wendie Malick , American-Canadian actress
December 19 - Manny Trillo , Venezuelan-born American baseball player
December 22 - María Antonieta de las Nieves , Mexican actress, comedian, and singer (La Chilindrina in El Chavo del Ocho )
December 23 - Vicente del Bosque , Spanish footballer, manager
December 25 - Yehuda Poliker , Israeli singer, songwriter, musician, and painter
December 30 - Safiya Henderson-Holmes , African-American poet (d. 2001 )Date unknown
Deaths
January
January 1 - William A. Griffin , American Roman Catholic prelate and reverend (b. 1885 )
January 2
January 3 - Tess Gardella , Italian-born American actress, dancer (b. 1894 )
January 7
January 8 - Joseph Schumpeter , Czech economist, political scientist (b. 1883 )
January 11 - James A. Colescott , American Imperial Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan (b. 1897 )
January 12 - John M. Stahl , American film director, producer (b. 1886 )
January 13 - Gino Frittelli , Italian painter (b. 1879 )
January 14 - Ieu Koeus , 9th Prime Minister of Cambodia (b. 1905 )
January 15
January 16 - Ali Moustafa Mosharafa , Egyptian physicist (b. 1898 )
January 17 - Seiichi Hatano , Japanese philosopher (b. 1877 )
January 18 - Horace Rice , Australian tennis player (b. 1872 )
January 20 - Ray Duggan , Australian-born English speedway rider (b. 1913 )
January 21 - George Orwell , British author (b. 1903 )
January 22 - Alan Hale Sr. , American actor (b. 1892 )
January 23 - Vasil Kolarov , Bulgarian Communist politician, former provisional head of State and 33rd Prime Minister of Bulgaria (b. 1877 )
January 29 - Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah , Sheikh of Kuwait (b. 1885 )February
February 3
February 6 - Georges Imbert , Alsatian chemist (b. 1884 )
February 7
February 9
February 10 - Marcel Mauss , French sociologist (b. 1872 )
February 11 - Kiki Cuyler , American baseball player (Chicago Cubs ), MLB Hall of Fame member (b. 1898 )
February 12 - Bernard Meninsky , Ukrainian-born British artist, painter, draughtsman and teacher (b. 1891 )
February 13 - Rafael Sabatini , Italian writer (b. 1875 )
February 14
February 16
February 21 - Gerhard Kowalewski , German mathematician (b. 1876 )
February 23 - Piotr ?mieta?ski , Polish executioner (b. 1899 )
February 25
February 26 - Harry Lauder , British entertainer (b. 1870 )March
April
April 1 - F. O. Matthiessen , American historian, literary critic (b. 1902 )
April 2 - Recep Peker , Turkish officer, politician and 6th Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1889 )
April 3 - Kurt Weill , German-born composer (b. 1900 )
April 5 - Charles Binaggio , American gangster (b. 1909 )
April 7 - Walter Huston , Canadian-born American actor (b. 1883 )
April 8 - Vaslav Nijinsky , Soviet ballet dancer, choreographer (b. 1889 )
April 10
April 11 - Bainbridge Colby , United States Secretary of State (b. 1869 )
April 13
April 16 - Henry J. Knauf , American politician (b. 1891 )
April 17 - W?adys?aw Filipkowski , Polish military commander (b. 1892 )
April 23
April 26 - G. Murray Hulbert , American politician (b. 1881 )
April 27
April 30 - Francesco Jovine , Italian writer, author (b. 1902 )May
May 1 - Lothrop Stoddard , American eugenicist (b. 1883 )
May 6 - Víctor Manuel Román y Reyes , Nicaraguan politician, 23rd President of Nicaragua (b. 1872 )
May 7 - Gavrilo V, Serbian Patriarch (b. 1881 )
May 9
May 10 - Belle da Costa Greene , American librarian, bibliographer and archivist (b. 1883 )
May 11 - Cedric Holland , British admiral (b. 1889 )
May 12 - Harold Basil Christian , South African-Rhodesian horticulturalist (b. 1871 )
May 18 - Henri Cihoski , Romanian general and politician (b. 1871 )
May 19
May 20 - John Gould Fletcher , American poet (b. 1886 )
May 22
May 24
May 25 - Nicolae Ciuperc? , Romanian general and politician (b. 1882 )
May 26 - Stanis?aw K?trzy?ski , Polish historian, diplomat (b. 1878 )
May 28 - Vicente Sotto , Filipino politician (b. 1877 )June
June 3 - Ahmad Tajuddin , Sultan of Brunei (b. 1913 )
June 4
June 5 - Miklós Bánffy , Hungarian nobleman, politician and novelist (b. 1873 )
June 6 - William Wadsworth , American actor (b. 1874 )
June 9 - Denis Auguste Duchêne , French general (b. 1862 )
June 20 - Etsu Inagaki Sugimoto , Japanese autobiographer, novelist (b. 1874 )
June 22 - Jane Cowl , American actress (b. 1883 )
June 24 - Darwan Singh Negi , Indian Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1881 )
June 26 - Antonina Nezhdanova , Soviet soprano (b. 1873 )
June 27
June 28 - Archbishop Makarios II (b. 1870 )
June 29 - Melitta Bentz , German entrepreneur, who invented the coffee filter in 1908 (b. 1873 )July
July 1 - Eliel Saarinen , Finnish architect (b. 1873 )[70]
July 5 - Salvatore Giuliano , Italian bandit (b. 1922 )
July 7 - Fats Navarro , American jazz trumpet player (b. 1923 )
July 8 - Helen Holmes , American actress (b. 1893 )
July 10 - Richard Maury , American naturalized Argentine engineer (b. 1882 )
July 11 - Buddy DeSylva , American songwriter (b. 1895 )
July 12
July 17
July 18 - Mignon Talbot , American paleontologist (b. 1869 )
July 21 - Rex Ingram , American director (b. 1892 )
July 22 - William Lyon Mackenzie King , Canadian political leader, 10th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1874 )
July 27 - Marta Steinsvik , Norwegian author (b. 1877 )
July 28 - Kevin Budden , Australian amateur herpetologist (b. 1930 )August
September
October
October 1 - Mikhail Rodionov , Soviet statesman, Leader of the Soviet Union (b. 1907 )
October 2 - John F. Fitzgerald , American politician, Mayor of Boston (b. 1863 )
October 5 - Thomas Addis Emmet , American-born Jamaican Roman Catholic bishop and reverend (b. 1873 )
October 9 - Nicolai Hartmann , German philosopher (b. 1882 )
October 11 - Pauline Lord , American actress (b. 1890 )
October 13 - Ernest Haycox , American writer (b. 1899 )
October 14 - António Maria da Silva , Portuguese politician, interim and 3-time Prime Minister of Portugal (b. 1872 )
October 18 - Giuseppe Borgatti , Italian tenor (b. 1871 )
October 19
October 20 - Henry L. Stimson , United States Secretary of State (b. 1867 )
October 23 - Al Jolson , American musician, actor (The Jazz Singer ) (b. 1886 )
October 25 - Yi Kwang-su , Korean writer, activist (b. 1891 )
October 26 - Miguel Mariano Gómez , Cuban politician, 7th President of Cuba (b. 1889 )
October 29
October 30 - Raimundo Díaz Pacheco , Puerto Rican activist (b. 1906 )
October 31 - Giacomo Gorrini , Italian diplomat (b. 1859 )November
November 2 - George Bernard Shaw , Irish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1856 )
November 3 - Kuniaki Koiso , Japanese general, 41st Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1880 )
November 4
November 8 - Bernice Herstein , American socialite (b. 1918 )
November 9 - Attilio Andreoli , Italian painter (b. 1877 )
November 11
November 12
November 16 - Bob Smith , American doctor, physician and surgeon (b. 1879 )
November 17 - Virginia Fábregas , Mexican actress (b. December 17, 1871 )[71]
November 23 - Abdul Hamid Karami , Lebanese political figure, religious leader and 16th Prime Minister of Lebanon (b. 1890 )
November 25
November 27 - T. Sathasiva Iyer , Ceylon Tamil scholar, Tamil language writer (b. 1882 )
November 28 - James Corbitt , British murderer (hanged ) (b. 1913 )
November 29
November 30 - Werner Haase , Hitler's personal physician (b. 1900 )December
December 2
December 4 - Jesse L. Brown , American aviator in the United States Navy (killed in action) (b. 1926 )
December 5 - Sri Aurobindo , Indian guru (b. 1872 )
December 11
December 12
December 15 - Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel , Indian political leader (b. 1875 )
December 20 - Enrico Mizzi , Maltese politician, 6th Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1885 )
December 23
December 25 - Xavier Villaurrutia , Mexican poet, playwright (b. 1903 )
December 26 - Liane de Pougy , French vedette and dancer (b. 1869 )
December 27 - Max Beckmann , German painter (b. 1884 )
December 30 - Mihail Manoilescu , Romanian journalist, engineer, economist, politician and memoirist (b. 1891 )
December 31 - Karl Renner , Austrian Social Democrat politician, 4th President of Austria (b. 1870 )Nobel Prizes
References
^ "Athletes - Famous Olympic Athletes, Medalists, Sports Heroes" . May 9, 2017.
^ Iowa. Inspection Bureau (1950). Mercy Hospital, St. Elizabeth's Ward Building Fire: Davenport, Iowa, January 7, 1950 . Iowa Inspection Bureau.
^ Submarine losses 1904 to present day , RN Submarine Museum, Gosport
^ United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities (1950). Annual Report for the Year ... The Committee. p. 32.
^ Christopher Andrew, Defend the Realm: The Authorized History of MI5 (Random House Digital, 2009), pp. 387-88
^ "Year by Year 1950" - History Channel International
^ West Virginia Historical Society (retrieved August 26, 2018)
^ Kynaston, David (2007). Austerity Britain 1945-51 . London: Bloomsbury. p. 385. ISBN 978-0-7475-7985-4 .
^ "1950: Government falls as Belgians vote for king" . BBC News . March 18, 1950.
^ Marian S. Mazgaj, Church and State in Communist Poland: A History, 1944-1989 (McFarland, 2010) pp. 55-56
^ Zafar Imam (1975). Muslims in India . Orient Longman. p. 288.
^ Américas . Division of Cultural Relations, Pan American Union. 2005. p. 4.
^ Witte, Els; Craeybeckx, Jan; Meynen, Alain (2009). Political History of Belgium from 1830 Onwards (New ed.). Brussels: ASP. p. 242. ISBN 978-90-5487-517-8 .
^ McGregor, P. M. J. (June 3, 1978). "The History of No 2 Squadron, SAAF, in the Korean War" . Military History Journal . The South African Military History Society. 4 (3). ISSN 0026-4016 . Archived from the original on July 22, 2009. Retrieved 2009 .
^ United States. Bureau of Labor Statistics (1949). Notes on Labor Abroad . pp. 4-5.
^ "Brief History (timeline)" , AI Topics , Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence , retrieved 2016
^ Pelletier, Joseph (1983). The Sun Danced at Fatima . New York: Doubleday. pp. 150, 151.
^ Rahul, Ram (2000). March of Central Asia . Indus Publishing.
^ The Bulletin . J. Haynes and J.F. Archibald. 1990. p. 93.
^ "Vesna Vulovic, air stewardess who survived a plane crash - obituary" . The Daily Telegraph . January 3, 2017. Archived from the original on August 10, 2017. Retrieved 2017 .
^ Nielsen Business Media, Inc. (October 2, 1999). Billboard . Nielsen Business Media, Inc. p. 74.
^ Editors of Chase's (September 24, 2019). Chase's Calendar of Events 2020: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months . Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 77-. ISBN 978-1-64143-316-7 . CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link )
^ Neil Schlager (2000). Science and Its Times: 1950-present . Gale Group. p. 157. ISBN 978-0-7876-3939-6 .
^ "Dorrit Moussaieff" . Fashion Model Directory . Retrieved 2020 .
^ a b Paul T. Hellmann (February 14, 2006). Historical Gazetteer of the United States . Routledge. p. 7. ISBN 1-135-94858-5 .
^ Christopher Hilton (1996). Jacques Villeneuve: In His Own Right . Patrick Stephens. p. 13. ISBN 978-1-85260-557-5 .
^ Editors of Chase's (September 30, 2018). Chase's Calendar of Events 2019: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months . Rowman & Littlefield. p. 95. ISBN 978-1-64143-264-1 . CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link )
^ Editors of Chase's (September 30, 2018). Chase's Calendar of Events 2019: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months . Rowman & Littlefield. p. 97. ISBN 978-1-64143-264-1 . CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link )
^ Film Review . Orpheus Pub. 2000. p. 85.
^ David Wilsford (1995). Political Leaders of Contemporary Western Europe: A Biographical Dictionary . Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 183. ISBN 978-0-313-28623-0 .
^ Paul T. Hellmann (February 14, 2006). Historical Gazetteer of the United States . Routledge. p. 496. ISBN 1-135-94859-3 .
^ Joseph M. Siegman (1992). The International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame . SP Books. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-56171-028-7 .
^ Contemporary Authors . Gale Research Company. 1994. p. 141. ISBN 978-0-8103-5554-5 .
^ "Luis Donaldo Colosio Murrieta" (in Spanish). Busca Biografias. Retrieved 2019 .
^ Paul T. Hellmann (February 14, 2006). Historical Gazetteer of the United States . Routledge. p. 1942. ISBN 1-135-94858-5 .
^ Alan Hewitt (2000). Opening the Musical Box: A Genesis Chronicle . Firefly. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-946719-30-3 .
^ Dod Vacher; Vacher Dod Publishing (2001). Dod's Guide to the General Election, June 2001 . Vacher Dod Publishing. p. 131. ISBN 978-0-905702-32-2 .
^ "Nana Amba Eyiaba I" . The Council of Women Traditional Leaders, Ghana . Archived from the original on September 8, 2014. Retrieved 2018 .
^ McLellan, Dennis (August 7, 2009). "John Hughes dies at 59; writer-director of '80s teen films" . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 2011 .
^ "Sahle-Work Zewde" . Iowa State University . Retrieved 2020 .
^ Australia. Parliament. House of Representatives (2001). Parliamentary Debates (Hansard).: House of Representatives . Commonwealth Government Printer. p. 29677.
^ James Monaco (1991). The Encyclopedia of Film . Perigee Books. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-399-51604-7 .
^ Editors of Chase's (September 30, 2018). Chase's Calendar of Events 2019: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months . Rowman & Littlefield. p. 142. ISBN 978-1-64143-264-1 . CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link )
^ Justine Fontes; Ron Fontes (January 2, 2003). Delaware: The First State . Gareth Stevens Publishing LLLP. p. 41. ISBN 978-0-8368-5148-9 .
^ Yvonne Tasker (September 11, 2002). Fifty Contemporary Filmmakers . Routledge. p. 192. ISBN 978-1-134-65664-6 .
^ Political Risk Yearbook - 2010: Vol. 3 - South America . PRS Group Incorporated. 2010. p. 39. ISBN 978-1-933539-98-0 .
^ Who's who in Asian and Australasian Politics . Bowker-Saur. 1991. p. 58. ISBN 978-0-86291-593-3 .
^ "Catherine E. Pugh, Mayor, Baltimore, Maryland" . msa.maryland.gov .
^ Charles Moritz (1991). Current Biography Yearbook . H. W. Wilson Company. p. 227. ISBN 9780824201289 .
^ B. Turner (January 12, 2017). The Statesman's Yearbook 2013: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World . Springer. p. 818. ISBN 978-1-349-59541-9 .
^ Gale Group; Kathleen Edgar (December 1996). Contemporary Authors: A Bio-Bibliographical Guide to Current Writers in Fiction, General Nonfiction, Poetry, Journalism, Drama, Motion Pictures, Television . Gale. p. 48. ISBN 978-0-7876-0130-0 .
^ Harry LeVine (2006). Genetic Engineering: A Reference Handbook . ABC-CLIO. p. 123. ISBN 978-1-85109-860-6 .
^ "Deaver, Jeffrey" . Library of Congress . Retrieved 2018 .
^ United States. Congress (2008). Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the ... Congress . U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 12619.
^ "Renate Stecher" . Olympic.org . Retrieved 2020 .
^ Roger East; Richard J. Thomas (June 3, 2014). Profiles of People in Power: The World's Government Leaders . Taylor & Francis. p. 535. ISBN 978-1-317-63939-8 .
^ Andy Gregory (2002). The International Who's Who in Popular Music 2002 . Psychology Press. p. 417. ISBN 978-1-85743-161-2 .
^ Nick Talevski (1999). The Encyclopedia of Rock Obituaries . Omnibus. p. 59. ISBN 978-0-7119-7548-4 .
^ Thursby, Keith (April 27, 2011). "Phoebe Snow dies at 60; singer of 1974 hit 'Poetry Man' " . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 2011 .
^ Maxine Block; Anna Herthe Rothe; Marjorie Dent Candee (2009). Current Biography Yearbook . H.W. Wilson. p. 307.
^ Kathy Halbreich (1990). Culture and Commentary: An Eighties Perspective . Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian Institution. p. 177. ISBN 978-0-9623203-2-3 .
^ Inductees of the National Inventors Hall of Fame . National Inventors Hall of Fame Foundation, Incorporated. 2003. p. 192.
^ "No. 38995" . The London Gazette . August 16, 1950. p. 4197.
^ "Hasely Crawford profile" . World Athletics . Retrieved 2020 .
^ Kirti Pandey (August 19, 2020). "Happy Birthday, Sudha Murty: The Philanthropist who found her life's purpose in serving people" . Etnonews.com . Retrieved 2020 .
^ Payne, Leonard (October 22, 2019). A Glitch in the Matrix: Jordan Peterson and the Intellectual Dark Web . Lulu.com. ISBN 9780244229030 – via Google Books.
^ Gosta Ekspong; Nobelstiftelsen (2002). Physics, 1996-2000 . World Scientific. p. 245. ISBN 978-981-238-003-6 .
^ Editors of Chase's (September 30, 2018). Chase's Calendar of Events 2019: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months . Rowman & Littlefield. p. 574. ISBN 978-1-64143-264-1 . CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link )
^ Mario J. Azevedo; Samuel Decalo (August 15, 2018). Historical Dictionary of Chad . Rowman & Littlefield. p. 542. ISBN 978-1-5381-1437-7 .
^ Marquis Who's Who, Inc (1975). Who was who in American History, Arts and Letters . Marquis Who's Who. p. 451. ISBN 978-0-8379-3301-6 .
^ "Virginia Fábregas" . Rotonda de las Personas Ilustres. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved 2014 .
^ "Cecil Powell Biographical" . Nobel Prize . Retrieved 2020 .
^ "Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1950" . Nobel Prize . Retrieved 2020 .
^ "Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1950" . Nobel Prize . Retrieved 2020 .
^ "Bertrand Russell Facts" . Nobel Prize . Retrieved 2020 .
^ "Ralph Bunche Facts" . Nobel Prize . Retrieved 2020 .