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61st United States Congress
	60th -> 62nd
	United States Capitol (1906)
March 4, 1909 - March 4, 1911
Senate President	James S. Sherman (R)
Senate President pro tem	William P. Frye (R)
House Speaker	Joseph G. Cannon (R)
Members	92 senators; 391 members of the House; 7 non-voting delegates
Senate Majority	Republican
House Majority	Republican
Sessions
	Special: March 4, 1909 - March 6, 1909; 1st: March 15, 1909 - August 5, 1909; 2nd: December 6, 1909 - June 25, 1910; 3rd: December 5, 1910 - March 3, 1911

The Sixty-first United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1909, to March 4, 1911, during the first two years of William H. Taft's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Twelfth Census of the United States in 1900. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

Major events

March 4, 1909: William Howard Taft became President of the United States.

Major legislation

August 5, 1909 - Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act, ch. 6, 36 Stat. 11
May 16, 1910: Federal Mines Safety Act of 1910, Ch. 240, 36 Stat. 369-b
June 18, 1910: Mann-Elkins Act, ch. 309, 36 Stat. 539
June 25, 1910: Mann Act, ch. 395, 36 Stat. 825
March 3, 1911: Judicial Code of 1911, ch. 231, 36 Stat. 1087

Constitutional amendments

July 12, 1909: Approved an amendment to the United States Constitution allowing the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on the United States Census, and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification
- Amendment was later ratified on February 3, 1913, becoming the Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Party summary

Senate

	Party (shading shows control)		Total	Vacant

	Democratic (D)	Republican (R)
End of previous congress	31	61	92	0

Begin	32	59	91	1
End	32	59	91	1
Final voting share	35.2%	64.8%

Beginning of next congress	40	50	90	2

House of Representatives

	Party (shading shows control)				Total	Vacant

	Democratic (D)	Independent Democratic (ID)	Republican (R)	Other (O)
End of previous congress	164	1	220	0	385	6

Begin	170	1	218	0	389	2
End	173	1	210	0	384	7
Final voting share	45.1%	0.3%	54.7%	0.0%

Beginning of next congress	228	0	160	2^[a]	390	1

Leadership

Senate leaders

Senate President
James S. Sherman (R)

Senate President pro tempore
William P. Frye (R)

Senate

House of Representatives

House leader

Speaker of the House Joseph Gurney Cannon

House Speaker
Joseph Gurney Cannon (R)

Speaker: Joseph Gurney Cannon (R)

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Members

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

At this time, most Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. A few senators were elected directly by the residents of the state. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1910; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1912; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1914.

Colorado

2. Simon Guggenheim (R)
3. Charles J. Hughes, Jr. (D), until January 11, 1911

Connecticut

1. Morgan G. Bulkeley (R)
3. Frank B. Brandegee (R)

Delaware

1. Henry A. du Pont (R)
2. Harry A. Richardson (R)

Florida

1. James P. Taliaferro (D)
3. Duncan U. Fletcher (D)

Georgia

2. Augustus O. Bacon (D)
3. Alexander S. Clay (D), until November 10, 1910
- Joseph M. Terrell (D), from November 17, 1910

Idaho

2. William E. Borah (R)
3. Weldon B. Heyburn (R)

Illinois

2. Shelby Moore Cullom (R)
3. William C. Lorimer (R), from June 18, 1909

Indiana

1. Albert J. Beveridge (R)
3. Benjamin F. Shively (D)

Iowa

2. Jonathan P. Dolliver (R), until October 15, 1910
- Lafayette Young (R), from November 12, 1910
3. Albert B. Cummins (R)

Kansas

2. Charles Curtis (R)
3. Joseph L. Bristow (R)

Kentucky

2. Thomas H. Paynter (D)
3. William O. Bradley (R)

Louisiana

2. Murphy J. Foster (D)
3. Samuel D. McEnery (D), until June 10, 1910
- John Thornton (D), from December 10, 1910

Maine

1. Eugene Hale (R)
2. William P. Frye (R)

Maryland

1. Isidor Rayner (D)
3. John W. Smith (D)

Massachusetts

1. Henry Cabot Lodge (R)
2. Winthrop M. Crane (R)

Michigan

1. Julius C. Burrows (R)
2. William A. Smith (R)

Minnesota

1. Moses E. Clapp (R)
2. Knute Nelson (R)

Mississippi

1. Hernando D. Money (D)
2. Anselm J. McLaurin (D), until December 22, 1909
- James Gordon (D), December 27, 1909 - February 22, 1910
- LeRoy Percy (D), from February 23, 1910

Missouri

1. William Warner (R)
3. William J. Stone (D)

Montana

1. Thomas H. Carter (R)
2. Joseph M. Dixon (R)

Nebraska

1. Elmer J. Burkett (R)
2. Norris Brown (R)

Nevada

1. George S. Nixon (R)
3. Francis G. Newlands (D)

New Hampshire

2. Henry E. Burnham (R)
3. Jacob H. Gallinger (R)

New Jersey

1. John Kean (R)
2. Frank O. Briggs (R)

New York

1. Chauncey Mitchell Depew (R)
3. Elihu A. Root (R)

North Carolina

2. Furnifold M. Simmons (D)
3. Lee S. Overman (D)

North Dakota

1. Porter J. McCumber (R)
3. Martin N. Johnson (R), until October 21, 1909
- Fountain L. Thompson (D), November 10, 1909 - January 31, 1910
- William E. Purcell (D), February 1, 1910 - February 1, 1911
- Asle Gronna (R), from February 2, 1911

Ohio

1. Charles W. F. Dick (R)
3. Theodore E. Burton (R)

Oklahoma

2. Robert L. Owen (D)
3. Thomas P. Gore (D)

Oregon

2. Jonathan Bourne, Jr. (R)
3. George E. Chamberlain (D)

Pennsylvania

1. Philander C. Knox (R), until March 4, 1909
- George T. Oliver (R), from March 17, 1909
3. Boies Penrose (R)

Rhode Island

1. Nelson W. Aldrich (R)
2. George P. Wetmore (R)

South Carolina

2. Benjamin R. Tillman (D)
3. Ellison D. Smith (D)

South Dakota

2. Robert J. Gamble (R)
3. Coe I. Crawford (R)

Tennessee

1. James B. Frazier (D)
2. Robert L. Taylor (D)

Texas

1. Charles A. Culberson (D)
2. Joseph W. Bailey (D)

Utah

1. George Sutherland (R)
3. Reed Smoot (R)

Vermont

1. Carroll S. Page (R)
3. William P. Dillingham (R)

Virginia

1. John W. Daniel (D), until June 29, 1910
- Claude A. Swanson (D), from August 1, 1910
2. Thomas S. Martin (D)

Washington

1. Samuel H. Piles (R)
3. Wesley L. Jones (R)

West Virginia

1. Nathan Bay Scott (R)
2. Stephen B. Elkins (R), until January 4, 1911
- Davis Elkins (R), January 9, 1911 - January 31, 1911
- Clarence W. Watson (D), from February 1, 1911

Wisconsin

1. Robert M. La Follette, Sr. (R)
3. Isaac Stephenson (R)

Wyoming

1. Clarence D. Clark (R)
2. Francis E. Warren (R)

House of Representatives

Alabama

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

At-large. William H. Heald (R)

Florida

Georgia

1. Charles G. Edwards (D)
2. James M. Griggs (D), until January 5, 1910
- Seaborn Roddenbery (D), from February 6, 1910
3. Dudley M. Hughes (D)
4. William C. Adamson (D)
5. Leonidas F. Livingston (D)
6. Charles L. Bartlett (D)
7. Gordon Lee (D)
8. William M. Howard (D)
9. Thomas Montgomery Bell (D)
10. Thomas W. Hardwick (D)
11. William G. Brantley (D)

Idaho

At-large. Thomas Ray Hamer (R)

Illinois

1. Martin B. Madden (R)
2. James R. Mann (R)
3. William W. Wilson (R)
4. James T. McDermott (D)
5. Adolph J. Sabath (D)
6. William Lorimer (R), until June 17, 1909
- William J. Moxley (R), from November 23, 1909
7. Frederick Lundin (R)
8. Thomas Gallagher (D)
9. Henry S. Boutell (R)
10. George E. Foss (R)
11. Howard M. Snapp (R)
12. Charles Eugene Fuller (R)
13. Frank O. Lowden (R)
14. James McKinney (R)
15. George W. Prince (R)
16. Joseph V. Graff (R)
17. John A. Sterling (R)
18. Joseph G. Cannon (R)
19. William B. McKinley (R)
20. Henry T. Rainey (D)
21. James M. Graham (D)
22. William A. Rodenberg (R)
23. Martin D. Foster (D)
24. Pleasant T. Chapman (R)
25. Napoleon B. Thistlewood (R)

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

1. Albert Estopinal (D)
2. Samuel Louis Gilmore (D), March 30, 1909 - July 18, 1910
- Henry Garland Dupré (D), from November 8, 1910
3. Robert Foligny Broussard (D)
4. John Thomas Watkins (D)
5. Joseph Eugene Ransdell (D)
6. Robert Charles Wickliffe (D)
7. Arsène Paulin Pujó (D)

Maine

1. Amos L. Allen (R), until February 20, 1911
2. John P. Swasey (R)
3. Edwin C. Burleigh (R)
4. Frank E. Guernsey (R)

Maryland

Massachusetts

1. George P. Lawrence (R)
2. Frederick H. Gillett (R)
3. Charles G. Washburn (R)
4. Charles Q. Tirrell (R), until July 31, 1910
- John Joseph Mitchell (D), from November 8, 1910
5. Butler Ames (R)
6. Augustus P. Gardner (R)
7. Ernest W. Roberts (R)
8. Samuel W. McCall (R)
9. John A. Keliher (D)
10. Joseph F. O'Connell (D)
11. Andrew J. Peters (D)
12. John W. Weeks (R)
13. William S. Greene (R)
14. William C. Lovering (R), until February 4, 1910
- Eugene Foss (D), March 22, 1910 - January 4, 1911

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

1. James Tilghman Lloyd (D)
2. William W. Rucker (D)
3. Joshua Willis Alexander (D)
4. Charles F. Booher (D)
5. William Patterson Borland (D)
6. David A. De Armond (D), until November 23, 1909
- Clement C. Dickinson (D), from February 1, 1910
7. Courtney W. Hamlin (D)
8. Dorsey W. Shackleford (D)
9. James Beauchamp Clark (D)
10. Richard Bartholdt (R)
11. Patrick F. Gill (D)
12. Harry M. Coudrey (R)
13. Politte Elvins (R)
14. Charles A. Crow (R)
15. Charles Henry Morgan (R)
16. Arthur P. Murphy (R)

Montana

At-large. Charles N. Pray (R)

Nebraska

Nevada

At-large. George A. Bartlett (D)

New Hampshire

1. Cyrus Adams Sulloway (R)
2. Frank Dunklee Currier (R)

New Jersey

New York

1. William W. Cocks (R)
2. George H. Lindsay (D)
3. Otto G. Foelker (R)
4. Charles B. Law (R)
5. Richard Young (R)
6. William M. Calder (R)
7. John J. Fitzgerald (D)
8. Daniel J. Riordan (D)
9. Henry M. Goldfogle (D)
10. William Sulzer (D)
11. Charles V. Fornes (D)
12. Michael F. Conry (D)
13. Herbert Parsons (R)
14. William Willett, Jr. (D)
15. J. Van Vechten Olcott (R)
16. Francis B. Harrison (D)
17. William S. Bennet (R)
18. Joseph A. Goulden (D)
19. John E. Andrus (R)
20. Thomas W. Bradley (R)
21. Hamilton Fish II (R)
22. William H. Draper (R)
23. George N. Southwick (R)
24. George W. Fairchild (R)
25. Cyrus Durey (R)
26. George R. Malby (R)
27. Charles S. Millington (R)
28. Charles L. Knapp (R)
29. Michael E. Driscoll (R)
30. John W. Dwight (R)
31. Sereno E. Payne (R)
32. James B. Perkins (R), until March 11, 1910
- James Smith Havens (D), from April 19, 1910
33. J. Sloat Fassett (R)
34. James S. Simmons (R)
35. Daniel A. Driscoll (D)
36. De Alva S. Alexander (R)
37. Edward B. Vreeland (R)

North Carolina

North Dakota

1. Louis B. Hanna (R)
2. Asle Gronna (R), until February 11, 1911

Ohio

1. Nicholas Longworth (R)
2. Herman P. Goebel (R)
3. James M. Cox (D)
4. William E. Tou Velle (D)
5. Timothy T. Ansberry (D)
6. Matthew R. Denver (D)
7. J. Warren Keifer (R)
8. Ralph D. Cole (R)
9. Isaac R. Sherwood (D)
10. Adna R. Johnson (R)
11. Albert Douglas (R)
12. Edward L. Taylor, Jr. (R)
13. Carl C. Anderson (D)
14. William G. Sharp (D)
15. James Joyce (R)
16. David Hollingsworth (R)
17. William A. Ashbrook (D)
18. James Kennedy (R)
19. W. Aubrey Thomas (R)
20. L. Paul Howland (R)
21. James H. Cassidy (R), from April 20, 1909

Oklahoma

Oregon

1. Willis C. Hawley (R)
2. William R. Ellis (R)

Pennsylvania

1. Henry H. Bingham (R)
2. Joel Cook (R), until December 15, 1910
3. J. Hampton Moore (R)
4. Reuben O. Moon (R)
5. William W. Foulkrod (R), until November 13, 1910
6. George D. McCreary (R)
7. Thomas S. Butler (R)
8. Irving P. Wanger (R)
9. William W. Griest (R)
10. Thomas D. Nicholls (Independent Democrat)
11. Henry W. Palmer (R)
12. Alfred B. Garner (R)
13. John H. Rothermel (D)
14. Charles C. Pratt (R)
15. William B. Wilson (D)
16. John G. McHenry (D)
17. Benjamin K. Focht (R)
18. Marlin E. Olmsted (R)
19. John M. Reynolds (R), until January 17, 1911
20. Daniel F. Lafean (R)
21. Charles F. Barclay (R)
22. George F. Huff (R)
23. Allen F. Cooper (R)
24. John K. Tener (R), until January 16, 1911
25. Arthur L. Bates (R)
26. A. Mitchell Palmer (D)
27. J. N. Langham (R)
28. Nelson P. Wheeler (R)
29. William H. Graham (R)
30. John Dalzell (R)
31. James F. Burke (R)
32. Andrew J. Barchfeld (R)

Rhode Island

1. William P. Sheffield (R)
2. Adin B. Capron (R)

South Carolina

South Dakota

At-large. Charles H. Burke (R)
At-large. Eben Martin (R)

Tennessee

1. Walter P. Brownlow (R), until July 8, 1910
- Zachary D. Massey (R), from November 8, 1910
2. Richard W. Austin (R)
3. John Austin Moon (D)
4. Cordell Hull (D)
5. William C. Houston (D)
6. Joseph W. Byrns (D)
7. Lemuel Phillips Padgett (D)
8. Thetus Willrette Sims (D)
9. Finis J. Garrett (D)
10. George W. Gordon (D)

Texas

1. John Morris Sheppard (D)
2. Martin Dies (D)
3. Gordon J. Russell (D), until June 14, 1910
- Robert M. Lively (D), from July 23, 1910
4. Choice Boswell Randell (D)
5. James Andrew Beall (D)
6. Rufus Hardy (D)
7. Alexander W. Gregg (D)
8. John M. Moore (D)
9. George Farmer Burgess (D)
10. Albert Sidney Burleson (D)
11. Robert L. Henry (D)
12. Oscar W. Gillespie (D)
13. John Hall Stephens (D)
14. James L. Slayden (D)
15. John Nance Garner (D)
16. William R. Smith (D)

Utah

At-large. Joseph Howell (R)

Vermont

1. David J. Foster (R)
2. Frank Plumley (R)

Virginia

1. William Atkinson Jones (D)
2. Harry Lee Maynard (D)
3. John Fletcher Lamb (D)
4. Francis R. Lassiter (D), until October 31, 1909
- Robert Turnbull (D), from March 8, 1910
5. Edward W. Saunders (D)
6. Carter Glass (D)
7. James Hay (D)
8. Charles Creighton Carlin (D)
9. C. Bascom Slemp (R)
10. Henry De Flood (D)

Washington

1. William E. Humphrey (R)
2. Francis W. Cushman (R), until July 6, 1909
- William W. McCredie (R), from November 2, 1909
3. Miles Poindexter (R)

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

At-large. Franklin Wheeler Mondell (R)

Non-voting members

Alaska Territory. James Wickersham (R)
Arizona Territory. Ralph Henry Cameron (R)
Hawaii Territory. Jonah Kunio Kalanianaole (R)
New Mexico Territory. William Henry Andrews (R)
Philippines. Benito Legarda (Fed., R)
Philippines. Pablo Ocampo, until November 22, 1909 (D)
- Manuel Quezon, (Unionist), from November 23, 1909
Puerto Rico. Tulio Larrínaga (Resident Commissioner), (Unionist)

House seats by party holding plurality in state
80+% Democratic	80+% Republican
60+% to 80% Democratic	60+% to 80% Republican
Up to 60% Democratic	Up to 60% Republican

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

replacements: 13
- Democratic: 1 seat net gain
- Republican: 1 seat net loss
deaths: 8
resignations: 2
vacancy: 1
Total seats with changes: 14

State (class)	Vacator	Reason for vacancy	Subsequent	Date of successor's installation
Illinois (3)	Vacant	Sen. was elected at beginning of term. Served in House until resigning June 18, 1909	William Lorimer (R)	June 18, 1909
Pennsylvania (1)	Philander C. Knox (R)	Resigned March 4, 1909, after being appointed United States Secretary of State. Successor was elected.	George T. Oliver (R)	March 17, 1909
North Dakota (3)	Martin N. Johnson (R)	Died October 21, 1909. Successor was appointed.	Fountain L. Thompson (D)	October 10, 1909
Mississippi (2)	Anselm J. McLaurin (D)	Died December 22, 1909. Successor was appointed.	James Gordon (D)	December 27, 1909
North Dakota (3)	Fountain L. Thompson (D)	Resigned January 31, 1910. Successor was appointed.	William E. Purcell (D)	February 1, 1910
Mississippi (2)	James Gordon (D)	Successor was elected.	LeRoy Percy (D)	February 23, 1910
Louisiana (3)	Samuel D. McEnery (D)	Died June 28, 1910. Successor was appointed and subsequently elected.	John Thornton (D)	December 10, 1910
Virginia (1)	John W. Daniel (D)	Died June 29, 1910. Successor was appointed.	Claude A. Swanson (D)	August 1, 1910
Iowa (2)	Jonathan P. Dolliver (R)	Died October 15, 1910	Lafayette Young (R)	November 12, 1910
Georgia (3)	Alexander S. Clay (D)	Died November 13, 1910. Successor was appointed.	Joseph M. Terrell (D)	November 17, 1910
West Virginia (2)	Stephen B. Elkins (R)	Died January 4, 1911. Successor was appointed.	Davis Elkins (R)	January 9, 1911
Colorado (3)	Charles J. Hughes Jr. (D)	Died January 11, 1911.	Vacant until next Congress
West Virginia (2)	Davis Elkins (R)	Successor was elected.	Clarence W. Watson (D)	February 1, 1911
North Dakota (3)	William E. Purcell (D)	Successor was elected.	Asle Gronna (R)	February 2, 1911

House of Representatives

replacements: 12
- Democratic: 3 seat gain
- Republican: 3 seat loss
deaths: 12
resignations: 6
contested elections: 0
Total seats with changes: 21

District	Vacator	Reason for Vacancy	Successor
Louisiana 2nd	Vacant	Rep. Robert C. Davey died during previous congress	Samuel L. Gilmore (D)	March 30, 1909
Ohio 21st	Vacant	Rep. Theodore E. Burton resigned during previous congress	James H. Cassidy (R)	April 20, 1909
Illinois 6th	William Lorimer (R)	Resigned June 17, 1909, after being elected to the U.S. Senate	William Moxley (R)	November 23, 1909
Washington 2nd	Francis W. Cushman (R)	Died July 6, 1909	William W. McCredie (R)	November 2, 1909
Virginia 4th	Francis R. Lassiter (D)	Died October 31, 1909	Robert Turnbull (D)	March 8, 1910
Philippines Resident Commissioner	Pablo Ocampo	Term ended November 22, 1909	Manuel L. Quezon (Unionist)	November 23, 1909
Missouri 6th	David A. De Armond (D)	Died November 23, 1909	Clement C. Dickinson (D)	February 1, 1910
Georgia 2nd	James M. Griggs (D)	Died January 5, 1910	Seaborn Roddenbery (D)	February 6, 1910
Massachusetts 14th	William C. Lovering (R)	Died March 11, 1910	Eugene Foss (D)	January 4, 1911
New York 32nd	James B. Perkins (R)	Died February 4, 1910	James S. Havens (D)	April 19, 1910
Texas 3rd	Gordon J. Russell (D)	Resigned June 14, 1910, after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas	Robert M. Lively (D)	July 23, 1910
Tennessee 1st	Walter P. Brownlow (R)	Died July 8, 1910	Zachary D. Massey (R)	November 8, 1910
Louisiana 2nd	Samuel L. Gilmore (D)	Died July 18, 1910	H. Garland Dupré (D)	November 8, 1910
Massachusetts 4th	Charles Q. Tirrell (R)	Died July 31, 1910	John J. Mitchell (D)	November 8, 1910
Pennsylvania 5th	William W. Foulkrod (R)	Died November 13, 1910	Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Pennsylvania 2nd	Joel Cook (R)	Died December 15, 1910	Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Massachusetts 14th	Eugene Foss (D)	Resigned January 4, 1911, after being elected Governor of Massachusetts	Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Pennsylvania 24th	John K. Tener (R)	Resigned January 16, 1911, after being elected Governor of Pennsylvania	Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Pennsylvania 19th	John M. Reynolds (R)	Resigned January 17, 1911, after being elected Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania	Seat remained vacant until next Congress
North Dakota 2nd	Asle Gronna (R)	Resigned February 11, 1911, after being elected to the U.S. Senate	Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Maine 1st	Amos L. Allen (R)	Died February 20, 1911	Seat remained vacant until next Congress

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (4 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Caucuses

Democratic (House)
Democratic (Senate)

Employees

Architect of the Capitol: Elliott Woods
Librarian of Congress: Herbert Putnam
Public Printer of the United States: Samuel B. Donnelly

Senate

Chaplain:
- Edward E. Hale (Unitarian) until June 10, 1909
- Ulysses G.B. Pierce (Unitarian) elected June 18, 1909
Secretary: Charles G. Bennett
Sergeant at Arms: Daniel M. Ransdell

House of Representatives

Chaplain: Henry N. Couden (Universalist)
Clerk: Alexander McDowell
Doorkeeper: Frank B. Lyon
Clerk at the Speaker's Table: Asher C. Hinds
Postmaster: Samuel Langum
Reading Clerks: N/A (D) and N/A (R)
Sergeant at Arms: Henry Casson

References

^ Progressive Republican & Socialist

Gould, Lewis L. (2005). The Most Exclusive Club. Cambridge, MA: Perseus Books Group. ISBN 0-465-02778-4.
Remini, Robert V. (2006). The House. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, Inc. ISBN 0-06-088434-7.
U.S. Congress (2005). "Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress". Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved 2006.
U.S. House of Representatives (2006). "Congressional History". Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved 2006.
U.S. Senate (2006). "Statistics and Lists". Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved 2006.
Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 2nd Session.
Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 2nd Session (1st Revision).
Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 2nd Session (2nd Revision).
Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 3rd Session.
Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 3rd Session (Revision).

[1] Progressive Republican & Socialist

[a]

61st United States Congress
60th -> 62nd
United States Capitol (1906)
March 4, 1909 - March 4, 1911
Senate President	James S. Sherman (R)
Senate President pro tem	William P. Frye (R)
House Speaker	Joseph G. Cannon (R)
Members	92 senators 391 members of the House 7 non-voting delegates
Senate Majority	Republican
House Majority	Republican
Sessions
Special: March 4, 1909 - March 6, 1909 1st: March 15, 1909 - August 5, 1909 2nd: December 6, 1909 - June 25, 1910 3rd: December 5, 1910 - March 3, 1911

Major events

Major legislation

Constitutional amendments

Party summary

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

House of Representatives

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Members

Senate

House of Representatives

Non-voting members

Changes in membership

Senate

House of Representatives

Committees

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Caucuses

Employees

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

References