![]() | This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Russian on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Russian in popflock.com resource articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. |
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Russian pronunciations in popflock.com resource articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to popflock.com resource articles, see {{IPA-ru}} and popflock.com Resource: Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
Russian distinguishes hard (unpalatalized or plain) and soft (palatalized) consonants. Soft consonants, most of which are denoted by a superscript j, ⟨?⟩, are pronounced with the body of the tongue raised toward the hard palate, like the articulation of the y sound in yes. /j, ?:, t?/ are always soft, whereas /?, ts, ?/ are always hard.[1]
See Russian phonology and Russian alphabet for a more thorough look at the sounds of Russian.
Consonants | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hard | Soft | |||||
IPA | Examples | English approximation | IPA | Examples | English approximation | |
b | ![]() |
boot | b? | ![]() |
beautiful | |
d | ![]() ![]() |
do | d? | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
dew (UK) | |
dz[3] | ![]() |
lads | d?[3] | ??; ![]() |
jig | |
dz?[3] | ?[1] | lad's young | ||||
f | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
fool | f? | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
few | |
? | ![]() ![]() |
goo | ![]() |
argue | ||
? | ![]() ![]() |
between home and goo | ?; ? [2] | between argue and yes | ||
N/A | j | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
yes | |||
k | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
scar | k? | ![]() |
skew | |
l | ![]() |
pill | l? | ![]() ![]() |
lean | |
m | ![]() |
moot | m? | ![]() ![]() |
mute | |
n | ![]() |
noon | n? | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
newt (for some dialects) | |
p | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
span | p? | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
spew | |
r | ![]() |
flapped or trilled r, like in Spanish | r? | ![]() ![]() |
flapped or trilled r, like in Spanish | |
s | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
soup | s? | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
assume (for some dialects) | |
? | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
rush | ?: | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
wish sheep | |
t | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
stand | t? | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
stew (UK) | |
ts[3] | ![]() ![]() |
cats | t?[3] | ![]() ![]() |
chip | |
ts?[3] | ?[1] | cat's young | ||||
v | ![]() |
voodoo | v? | ![]() ![]() |
view | |
x | ![]() ![]() |
loch (Scottish); ugh | x? | ![]() ![]() |
huge (for some dialects) | |
z | ![]() ![]() |
zoo | z? | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
presume (for some dialects) | |
? | ![]() |
rouge | ?: | ![]() |
prestige genre | |
Stressed vowels | ||||||
[-soft] | [+soft] | |||||
IPA | Examples | English approximation | IPA | Examples | English approximation | |
a | ![]() |
father | æ | ![]() ![]() |
pat (US) | |
? | ![]() ![]() |
met | e | ![]() ![]() |
mace | |
? | ![]() ![]() |
roses (for some dialects) | i | ![]() ![]() |
meet | |
o | ![]() ![]() |
chore | ? | ![]() ![]() |
foot | |
u | ![]() |
cool | ? | ![]() ![]() |
choose | |
Unstressed vowels | ||||||
[-soft] | [+soft] | |||||
IPA | Examples | English approximation | IPA | Examples | English approximation | |
? | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
about | ? | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
lasagna | |
? | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
bud | ? | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
bit | |
? | ????; ?[17] | met | ||||
? | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
roses (for some dialects) | ||||
o | ![]() |
chore | ? | ??; ??[13][18] | foot | |
? | ![]() |
pull | ? | ![]() ![]() |
youth | |
Suprasegmental | ||||||
IPA | Example | Explanation | ||||
' | ![]() |
stress mark, placed before the stressed syllable | ||||
: | ![]() |
consonant length mark, placed after the geminated consonant |