Kru?evac
? | |
|---|---|
| City of Kru?evac | |
       From top: Panorama of Kru?evac, Town Hall, Slobodi?te Memorial Complex, Lazar Hrebeljanovi?'s statue, The Kosovo Heroes monument, Lazarica Church, Kru?evac Fortress | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Kru?evac Location of the city of Kru?evac within Serbia | |
| Coordinates: 43°35?N 21°19?E / 43.583°N 21.317°ECoordinates: 43°35?N 21°19?E / 43.583°N 21.317°E | |
| Country |  Serbia |
| Region | ?umadija and Western Serbia |
| District | Rasina |
| Founded | 1371 |
| Founded by | Lazar of Serbia |
| Settlements | 101 |
| Government | |
| o Mayor | Jasmina Palurovi? (SNS) |
| Area | |
| Area rank | 20th in Serbia |
| o Urban | 13 km2 (5 sq mi) |
| o Administrative | 854 km2 (330 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 163 m (535 ft) |
| Population (2011 census)[2] | |
| o Rank | 9th in Serbia |
| o Urban | 73,316 |
| o Urban density | 5,600/km2 (15,000/sq mi) |
| o Administrative | 128,752 |
| o Administrative density | 150/km2 (390/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| o Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 37000 |
| Area code | +381(0)37 |
| Car plates | K? |
| Website | www |
Kru?evac (Serbian Cyrillic: , pronounced [krû?e?ats] ) is a city and the administrative center of the Rasina District in central Serbia. It is located in the valley of West Morava, on Rasina river. According to the 2011 census, the city administrative area has a population of 128,752, while the urban area has 73,316 inhabitants.
The city was founded in 1371, by Prince Lazar of Serbia (1371-1389), who used it as his seat.
Etymology
The etymology is derived from the Serbian word for "river stone", kru?ac which was largely used for a building at that time.
History
Kru?evac was founded in 1371, as a fortified town in the possession of Lord Lazar Hrebeljanovi?. The Lazarica Church (or Church of St, Stephen) was built by Lazar between 1375-78, in the Morava architectural style.[3] It is mentioned in one of Lazar's edicts in 1387, as his seat, when he affirmed the rights of Venetian merchants on Serbian territory. In preparation for the Battle of Kosovo (1389) against the Ottoman Empire, the Serbian army assembled in the city. The site of Lazar's palace is marked by a ruined enclosure containing a fragment of the tower of his spouse Princess Milica, and, according to legend, tidings of the defeat were brought to her by crows from the battlefield. After the battle, the city was held by Princess Milica as her seat. The little that remains of Lazar's city is the Kru?evac Fortress, which was declared a Cultural Monument of Exceptional Importance in 1979.[4] Several old Ottoman houses were left at the beginning of the 20th century, besides an old Turkish fountain and bath, which was known as Alacahisar (Alad?a Hisar) during Ottoman rule between 1427-1833 (nominally to 1867) when Kru?evac was the seat of the Sanjak of Kru?evac. The Ottoman rule was interrupted during Austrian occupations between 1688-1690 and 1717-1739.
A large monument dedicated to Serbs fallen at the Battle of Kosovo was sculpted by ?or?e Jovanovi? and unveiled by King Petar I Kara?or?evi? of Serbia in 1904. A detail on the monument, among others, is a statue of the famous blind Serbian poet Filip Vi?nji?.
At the beginning of the German occupation of Yugoslavia the units of Yugoslav Army in the Fatherland commanded by Dragutin Keserovi? and supported by one detachment of communists attacked the German garrison in September 1941 but failed to liberate the town after four days battle. During World War II mass executions of patriots and antifascists occurred on hill Bagdala. Largest execution was in summer of 1943. At place of executions now is a monument named Slobodi?te (from the Serbian word "sloboda", which means 'freedom'). Kru?evac was liberated on 14 October when chetnik collaborators and Germans left the city together. After the regime of communists in Serbia ended the Government of Serbia and its Ministry of Justice established the commission to research atrocities that were committed by members of the Yugoslav Partisan Movement after they gained control over Serbia in Autumn 1944. According to the report of this commission, out of 55,554 registered victims of communist purges in Serbia the new communist regime in Kru?evac killed 493 people while 11 people are missing.[5]
Kru?evac progressed profusely during the SFRY. A large number of factories were built in that era, while Kru?evac became one of the strongest industrial centres in both Serbia and Yugoslavia. The machine factory IMK 14. oktobar Kru?evac employed around 7,000 workers.
However, the large Kru?evac industry hasn't survived the NATO bombing and post-Milo?evi? transition. In 2002 alone 5 factories went bankrupt.[6] From 2002 to 2014 27 factories closed and around 11,000 workers lost their jobs.[7] The unemployment rate in Kru?evac was almost 39% in 2015.[8]
Settlements
Aside from the urban area of Kru?evac, the city administrative area includes the following 100 settlements:
- Bo?njan?
- Begovo Brdo
- Bela Voda
- Belasica
- Bivolje
- Bovan
- Bojince
- Boljevac
- Brajkovac
- Bukovica
- Buci
- Velika Kru?evica
- Velika Lomnica
- Veliki Kupci
- Veliki ?iljegovac
- Veliko Golovode
- Veliko Kru?ince
- Vitanovac
- Vratare
- Vu?ak
- Gavez
- Gaglovo
- Gari
- Globare
- Globoder
- Gornji Stepo?
- Grevci
- Grkljane
- Dvorane
- Dedina
- Dobromir
- Doljane
- Donji Stepo?
- ?unis
- ?abare
- Zdravinje
- Zebica
- Zubovac
- Jablanica
- Jasika
- Jo?je
- Kamenare
- Kaonik
- Kapid?ija
- Kobilje
- Komorane
- Konjuh
- Ko?evi
- Krvavica
- Kukljin
- Lazarevac
- Lazarica
- Lipovac
- Lovci
- Lukavac
- Ljubava
- Majdevo
- Makre?ane
- Mala Vrbnica
- Mala Reka
- Mali Kupci
- Mali ?iljegovac
- Malo Golovode
- Malo Kru?ince
- Ma?kovac
- Me?evo
- Modrica
- Mudrakovac
- Naupare
- Pade?
- Paka?nica
- Parunovac
- Pasjak
- Pepeljevac
- Petina
- Pozlata
- Poljaci
- Ribare
- Ribarska Banja
- Rlica
- Rosica
- Sebe?evac
- Sezem?e
- Slatina
- Srndalje
- Srnje
- Stanci
- Suvaja
- Su?ica
- Tekija
- Trebotin
- Trm?are
- ?elije
- Cerova
- Crkvina
- ?itluk
- ?avrane
- ?anac
- ?a?ilovac
- ?ogolj
- ?titare
Demographics
According to the 2011 census results, the city of Kru?evac has a total population of 128,752 inhabitants.
Ethnic groups
The ethnic composition of the city administrative area:[10]
| Ethnic group | Population | % |
|---|---|---|
| Serbs | 122,529 | 95.17% |
| Roma | 2,461 | 1.91% |
| Montenegrins | 282 | 0.22% |
| Macedonians | 200 | 0.16% |
| Croats | 107 | 0.08% |
| Yugoslavs | 86 | 0.07% |
| Total | 128,752 |
Economy
The most notable large companies based in the city of Kru?evac are: Trayal Corporation, 14. oktobar, Rubin and Cooper Tire & Rubber Company Serbia. As of September 2017, Kru?evac has one of 14 free economic zones established in Serbia.[11]
The following table gives a preview of total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2019):[12]
| Activity | Total |
|---|---|
| Agriculture, forestry and fishing | 369 |
| Mining and quarrying | 42 |
| Manufacturing | 8,519 |
| Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply | 514 |
| Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities | 652 |
| Construction | 2,007 |
| Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles | 5,150 |
| Transportation and storage | 1,387 |
| Accommodation and food services | 1,093 |
| Information and communication | 362 |
| Financial and insurance activities | 560 |
| Real estate activities | 210 |
| Professional, scientific and technical activities | 1,076 |
| Administrative and support service activities | 572 |
| Public administration and defense; compulsory social security | 1,784 |
| Education | 2,221 |
| Human health and social work activities | 2,877 |
| Arts, entertainment and recreation | 642 |
| Other service activities | 567 |
| Individual agricultural workers | 1,941 |
| Total | 32,547 |
Politics
Seats in the city parliament won in the 2016 local elections:
| Party | Seats |
|---|---|
| Serbian Progressive Party | 53 |
| Socialist Party of Serbia | 8 |
| Democratic Party | 4 |
| United Serbia | 4 |
| Independent MP | 1 |
Sports
The city's main football club is FK Napredak Kru?evac, who regularly play in the Serbian SuperLiga.
Climate
| Climate data for Kru?evac (1981-2010, extremes 1961-2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 20.4 (68.7) |
24.2 (75.6) |
29.6 (85.3) |
31.9 (89.4) |
35.5 (95.9) |
39.6 (103.3) |
43.7 (110.7) |
42.4 (108.3) |
36.8 (98.2) |
33.8 (92.8) |
27.4 (81.3) |
21.7 (71.1) |
43.7 (110.7) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 4.6 (40.3) |
7.2 (45.0) |
12.5 (54.5) |
18.0 (64.4) |
23.1 (73.6) |
26.4 (79.5) |
28.7 (83.7) |
29.0 (84.2) |
24.1 (75.4) |
18.5 (65.3) |
11.4 (52.5) |
5.6 (42.1) |
17.4 (63.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.2 (32.4) |
2.0 (35.6) |
6.6 (43.9) |
11.8 (53.2) |
16.8 (62.2) |
20.0 (68.0) |
21.8 (71.2) |
21.5 (70.7) |
16.8 (62.2) |
11.6 (52.9) |
5.9 (42.6) |
1.6 (34.9) |
11.4 (52.5) |
| Average low °C (°F) | -3.4 (25.9) |
-2.3 (27.9) |
1.5 (34.7) |
5.6 (42.1) |
10.2 (50.4) |
13.5 (56.3) |
14.9 (58.8) |
14.6 (58.3) |
10.7 (51.3) |
6.3 (43.3) |
1.6 (34.9) |
-1.9 (28.6) |
5.9 (42.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | -28.1 (-18.6) |
-23.7 (-10.7) |
-17.2 (1.0) |
-6.1 (21.0) |
-1.1 (30.0) |
2.9 (37.2) |
5.8 (42.4) |
3.0 (37.4) |
-3.0 (26.6) |
-7.3 (18.9) |
-21.4 (-6.5) |
-23.9 (-11.0) |
-28.1 (-18.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 40.3 (1.59) |
39.2 (1.54) |
48.4 (1.91) |
56.6 (2.23) |
56.9 (2.24) |
71.2 (2.80) |
55.0 (2.17) |
49.8 (1.96) |
50.0 (1.97) |
49.3 (1.94) |
56.2 (2.21) |
55.1 (2.17) |
628.1 (24.73) |
| Average precipitation days | 13 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 11 | 14 | 134 |
| Average snowy days | 8 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 7 | 31 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 85 | 79 | 73 | 71 | 72 | 72 | 70 | 69 | 74 | 79 | 81 | 85 | 76 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 54.0 | 78.7 | 129.1 | 154.0 | 206.0 | 223.2 | 269.0 | 263.2 | 190.6 | 137.2 | 79.1 | 42.6 | 1,826.7 |
| Source: Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia[13] | |||||||||||||
Famous residents
- Stefan Lazarevi? (1377-1427), medieval ruler of Serbia
- Stojan Proti? (1857-1923), Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes 1918-1919, 1920
- Ljubinka Bobi? (1897-1978), Serbian actress
- Stanislav Bini?ki (1872-1942), Serbian composer (Mar? na Drinu)
- Dobrica ?osi? (1921-2014), Serbian writer, first President of FR Yugoslavia
- Ta?ko Na?i? (1934-1993), Serbian actor
- Miodrag Petrovi? ?kalja (1924-2003), One of the most popular Serbian comedians
- Bata Paskaljevi? (1923-2004), Serbian actor
- Radmila Savi?evi? (1926-2001), Serbian actress
- Ljiljana Jovanovi? (1930-2012), Serbian actress
- Vojin ?etkovi? (b. 1971), Serbian actor
- Nata?a Tapu?kovi? (b. 1975), Serbian actress
- Branislav Trifunovi? (b. 1978), Serbian actor
- Miroslav Mi?kovi? (b. 1945), Serbian businessman
- Dragi?a Bini? (b. 1961), Serbian footballer, 1990-91 European Cup winner
- Mili? Jovanovi? (b. 1966), Serbian footballer, 1990-91 European Cup winner
- Ognjen Petrovi? (b. 1948), Serbian footballer
- Bojan Zaji? (b. 1980), Serbian footballer
- Predrag Pavlovi? (b. 1986), Serbian footballer
- Milan Gaji? (b. 1986), Serbian footballer
- Nikola Milo?evi? (b. 1993), Serbian footballer
- Predrag Jovanovi? (b. 1950), Serbian musician
- Neboj?a Bradi? (b. 1956), Serbian theatre director, and former Minister of Culture
- Goran Grbovi? (b. 1961), Serbian basketball player, bronze medalist at the EuroBasket 1987
- Dragan Milosavljevi? (b. 1989), Serbian basketball player, silver medalist at the EuroBasket 2017
- Ognjen Jaramaz (b. 1995), Serbian basketball player
- Aleksandar Mitrovi? (b. 1982), Serbian volleyball player
- Tijana Bogdanovi? (b. 1998), Serbian taekwondo practitioner, European champion and silver medalist at the 2016 Summer Olympics
- Sanja Vu?i? (born 1993), Serbian singer who represented Serbia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2016
- Milica Todorovi? (born 1990) Serbian singer
International relations
Twin towns - Sister cities
Kru?evac is twinned with:
|
Other forms of co-operation and city friendship similar to the twin/sister city programmes:
|
Gallery
Women selling poultry at the market, 1913
Belfry
Middle Ages era ruins in Kru?evac
Lazar Hrebeljanovi?'s statue in Kru?evac
Filip Vi?nji?'s statue in Kru?evac
Kneginja Milica's statue
The Kosovo Heroes Square
The Kosovo Heroes Square
Kru?evac panorama
Town hall
Gymnasium and the city museum
Main train station in the town
See also
References
- ^ "Municipalities of Serbia, 2006". Statistical Office of Serbia. Retrieved 2010.
- ^ "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia: Comparative Overview of the Number of Population in 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2002 and 2011, Data by settlements" (PDF). Statistical Office of Republic Of Serbia, Belgrade. 2014. ISBN 978-86-6161-109-4. Retrieved 2014.
- ^ Filip Jovanovic i Djordje Banovic. "Istorija - Crkva Lazarica - Kru?evac - Srpska Pravoslavna Crkva". Lazarica.rs. Archived from the original on 31 March 2012. Retrieved 2013.
- ^ Monuments of Culture in Serbia: .? (SANU) (in Serbian and English)
- ^ "Registar ?rtava". www.komisija1944.mpravde.gov.rs. Ministry of Justice, Republic of Serbia. Retrieved 2019.
- ^ http://krusevacgrad.rs/svi-nasi-porazi-vecina-krusevackih-restrukturasa-zavrsila-u-stecaju/
- ^ http://krusevacgrad.rs/svi-nasi-porazi-vecina-krusevackih-restrukturasa-zavrsila-u-stecaju/
- ^ http://www.blic.rs/vesti/politika/pajtic-krusevac-dotakao-dno-za-vreme-vlasti-sns/ed111nx
- ^ "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 2017.
- ^ "ETHNICITY Data by municipalities and cities" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Retrieved 2018.
- ^ Mikavica, A. (3 September 2017). "Slobodne zone mamac za investitore". politika.rs (in Serbian). Retrieved 2019.
- ^ " ? , 2019. - ? -" (PDF). stat.gov.rs (in Serbian). Statistical Office of Republic of Serbia. 31 January 2020. Retrieved 2020.
- ^ "Monthly and annual means, maximum and minimum values of meteorological elements for the period 1981 - 2010" (in Serbian). Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia. Retrieved 2017.
- ^ "AllCorfu.Com: Corfu's Twin Cities". allcorfu.com. Retrieved 2010.
External links
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