| Mure?/Maros | |
|---|---|
 The Mure? in Arad | |
.png) Map of the Mure? basin | |
| Location | |
| Countries | Romania and Hungary |
| Cities | |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | Carpathian Mountains |
| • location | Izvorul Mure?ului, Harghita County, Romania |
| • coordinates | 46°36?55?N 25°37?2?E / 46.61528°N 25.61722°E |
| • elevation | 850 m (2,790 ft) |
| Mouth | Tisza |
• location | Szeged, Csongrád County, Hungary |
• coordinates | 46°15?6?N 20°11?39?E / 46.25167°N 20.19417°ECoordinates: 46°15?6?N 20°11?39?E / 46.25167°N 20.19417°E |
• elevation | 75 m (246 ft) |
| Length | 789 km (490 mi) |
| Basin size | 30,332 km2 (11,711 sq mi) |
| Discharge | |
| • location | Makó |
| • average | 184 m3/s (6,500 cu ft/s) |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | Tisza-> Danube-> Black Sea |
| Tributaries | |
| • left | Târnava, Sebe?, Strei |
| • right | Arie? |
The Mure? (Romanian: ['mure?]; Hungarian: Maros, IPA: ['m?ro?]; Serbian: , romanized: Mori?) is a 789-kilometre-long (490 mi) river in Eastern Europe. Its drainage basin covers an area of 30,332 km2 (11,711 sq mi).[1]:22 It originates in the Hma?u Mare Range in the Eastern Carpathian Mountains, Romania, rising close to the headwaters of the river Olt, and joins the Tisza at Szeged in southeastern Hungary. In Romania, its length is 761 km (473 mi) and its basin size is 27,890 km2 (10,770 sq mi).[2]
The Mure? River flows through the Romanian counties Harghita, Mure?, Alba, Hunedoara, Arad and Timi?, and the Hungarian county Csongrád. The largest cities on the Mure?/Maros are Târgu Mure?, Alba Iulia, Deva and Arad in Romania, and Makó in Hungary.
The Hungarian reaches of the Mure?/Maros are 73 km (45 mi) long as the state border. Some 28.5 km2 (11.0 sq mi) on the northern side of the river are protected as part of the Körös-Maros National Park. The Maros Floodplain Protected Area consists of gallery forests, floodplain meadows and 0.6 km2 (0.23 sq mi) of forest reserve near Szeged.
Salt used to be traded in medieval times on the river on large rafts.
Name
The river is known to be first mentioned by Herodotus in 484 BC bearing the name Maris ().[3] Strabo calls it Marisos (?).[4] It was known in Latin as the Marisus; It is also mentioned in 948 AD, in a document of the Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII, under the name Moreses (?).[5][6]
It was also known in German variously as the Mieresch, Marosch or Muresch, owing to Transylvanian Saxon settlements and prior Habsburg rule. It was known in Turkish as the Maro? or Muri? under the Ottomans.
Towns and villages
The following towns are situated along the river Mure?, from source to mouth: Topli?a, Reghin, Târgu Mure?, Ludu?, Ocna Mure?, Aiud, Teiu?, Alba Iulia, Geoagiu, Ortie, Simeria, Deva, Lipova, Arad, N?dlac (all in Romania), Makó, Szeged (both in Hungary).
The Mure? flows through the following communes (grouped by counties, from source to mouth):
- Harghita County: Vo?l?beni, Suseni, Joseni, Remetea, Subcetate, S?rma?, G?l?u?a?, Topli?a
- Mure? County: Stânceni, Lunca Bradului, R?stoli?a, Deda, Ru?ii-Mun?i, Aluni?, Brâncovene?ti, Ideciu de Jos, Suseni, Reghin, Petelea, Gorne?ti, Glodeni, Ernei, Sântana de Mure?, Sângeorgiu de Mure?, Târgu Mure?, Sâncraiu de Mure?, Criste?ti, P?net, Ungheni, Sânpaul, Iernut, Cuci, Bogata, Ludu?, Che?ani
- Alba County: No?lac, Lunca Mure?ului, Ocna Mure?, Unirea, Mir?sl?u, Aiud, R?de?ti, Teiu?, Sântimbru, Ciugud, Alba Iulia, Vin?u de Jos, Blandiana, S?li?tea, ?ibot
- Hunedoara County: Geoagiu, Ortie, Turda?, Rapoltu Mare, Simeria, H?r?u, Deva, ?oimu?, Ve?el, Br?ni?ca, Ilia, Gurasada, Dobra, Burjuc, Zam
- Arad County: Petri?, S?vâr?in, Birchi?, V?r?dia de Mure?, Bata, Bârzava, Conop, Usus?u, Lipova, P?uli?, Frumu?eni, Fântânele, Vladimirescu, Arad, Z?d?reni, Felnac, Pecica, Secusigiu, Semlac, ?eitin, N?dlac
- Timi? County: Periam, Sânpetru Mare, Sânnicolau Mare, Cenad
- Csongrád County: Nagylak, Magyarcsanád, Apátfalva, Makó, Kiszombor, Ferencszállás, Maroslele, Klárafalva, Deszk, Szeged
Tributaries
The following rivers are tributaries to the river Mure? (from source to mouth):[2]
Left: C?rbunele Negru, Senetea, Fier?str?ul, ?umuleul Mare, Borzontul Mare, Borzontul Mic, Pietrosul, Bacta, Limbu?, Piatra, Eseniu, Martonca, Calnaci, Musc?, G?l?u?a?, Z?podea, M?gheru?, M?r?ine?ul de Sus, Gudea Mare, S?lard, Iod, Borzia, Sebe?, Fi?c?u, Idicel, Deleni, Gurghiu, Mocear, Beica, Habic, Petrilaca, Valea cu Nuci, Terebici, Poclo?, Budiu, Niraj, Pârâul Mare, L?scud, S?rata, ?eulia, Valea Luncilor, A?inti?, G?bud, F?r?u, Ciunga, Pusta B?g?ului, Rât, Târnava, H?pria, Sebe?, Pianul, Cioara, Cugir, Vaidei, Romos, Ortie, Turda?, Strei, Tâmpa, Cerna, Herepeia, C?oi, Vulcez, Le?nic, S?c?ma?, Plai, Dobra, Abucea, Valea Mare, S?lciva, Pe?ti?, C?priori?ca, Somoni?a, Birchi?, Izvor, Corbul, Fiac, Sulini?, Lala?in?, Chelmac, Pârâul Mare, ?i?tarov, ?ârnobara, Sinico?, Valea Fâne?elor de Jos, Z?d?rlac, Z?d?reni
Right: Chindeni, Arinul Scurt, Chirtoegher, Strâmba, Pârâul Noroios, Belcina, L?zarea, Ghidu?, Ditr?u, Faier, Jolotca, Filipea, S?rma?, Ciucic, Topli?a, C?lim?nel, Mermezeu, Zebrac, Neagra, Ilva, Obcina Ferigerilor, R?stoli?a, G?l?oaia, Bistra, Pietri?, Dumbrava, Râpa, Agri?, Lueriu, Lu?, ?ar, Voiniceni, Cuie?d, Valea Fâna?elor, u?a, Valea din Jos, Lechin?a, Ranta, Pârâul de Câmpie, Grindeni, Arie?, Unirea, Ciugud, Ormeni?, Mir?sl?u, Lopadea, Aiud, Gârbova, Geoagiu (Alba), Galda, Ampoi, Pâcli?a, Valea Vin?ului, Blandiana, Stâni?oara, B?c?in?i, Homorod, Geoagiu (Hunedoara), Boiul, Bobâlna, Valea lui Sânpetru, Lazu, V?rmaga, Certej, Boholt, C?ian, Bejan, Boz, Sârbi, B?ci?oara, Gurasada, Zam, Alma?, Petri?, Cr?ciuneasca, Troa?, Vine?ti, Stejar, Juli?a, Valea Mare, Grosul, Monoro?tia, Bârzava, Nad, Conop, Cornic, Milova, Jernova, ?oimo?, Radna, Cladova, Crac, Száraz-ér
Images
Mure? (Maros) river near ?oimu?, Romania 
Mure? river near Ilia, Romania 
Mure? river near Lipova, Romania
.JPG)
.JPG)
See also
- List of rivers of Romania
- Tributaries of Mure? River (Romanian and Hungarian names)
- List of rivers of Europe
References
- ^ Analysis of the Tisza River Basin 2007, IPCDR
- ^ a b Atlasul cadastrului apelor din România. Partea 1 (in Romanian). Bucharest: Ministerul Mediului. 1992. pp. 133-191. OCLC 895459847. River code: IV.1
- ^ Hdt. 4.49
- ^ Str. 7.3.13
- ^ Const. Porph. Admin. 40.39
- ^ Béla Köpeczi, History of Transylvania: From the beginnings to 1606.
External links
- Trasee turistice - jude?ul Mure? [1]
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