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Template documentation

This template uses Lua:

Module:Harvc (sandbox)

This template uses TemplateStyles:

Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (sandbox)

This template is a citation hybrid that has characteristics of the long-form cs1 and cs2 and characteristics of short-form {{sfn}} and the {{harv}} families of templates. Its purpose is to provide a method that allows editors to refer to a contribution or chapter in a larger work when more than a few such referrals are required. is not a substitute for a properly constructed citation.

Short-form templates and are often used to link from an article's references section to a long-form cs1|2 template in a bibliography section:

-> {{cite book}}

It is not uncommon for a source have multiple contributors. When it is necessary to refer to multiple contributions in the same source, repeating all of the bibliographic details in multiple long-form citation templates adds to references-section clutter. is designed to hold only the detail necessary to identify a contribution and link to the enclosing work's long-form citation where all of the bibliographic detail can be found:

-> ->

Usage

The minimal form is:

{{harvc |last=contributor name |year=publication year |c=contribution title |in=source editor/author name}}

According to the comments in Module:Harvc, mistaken Harvc error: no target: error messages may be produced when the template is nested in other templates as on documentation pages. The otherwise undocumented parameter, , can be added to prevent this.

Parameters

creates a CITEREF anchor from one to four contribution or chapter author surnames and the value in . This allows to be the target of a link created by {{sfn}} or family templates. From and , creates a CITEREF link similar to those created by {{harvnb}} and {{sfn}}

|anchor-year= - optional, for use for author(s) with more than one contribution to the work; requires CITEREF disambiguator; see Examples

|author-link= - optional, title of existing popflock.com resource article about the first contributor--not the contributor's website; do not wikilink; alias: |author-link1=

|author-linkn= - optional, title of existing popflock.com resource article about contributorn; choose n to match n in |lastn=

|author-mask=m - optional, replaces name of the first contributor with m (commonly 2) em dashes; alias: |author-mask1=

|author-maskn=m - optional, replaces name of contributorn with m em dashes; choose n to match n in |lastn=

|author-maskn=<text> - optional, replaces name of contributorn with <text>

|c= - required, the title of chapter or contribution; rendered quoted in upright font; aliases: |chapter=, |contribution=

|display-authors= - optional, defines how displays the contributor list; ignored when |name-list-style=harv:

- when empty or omitted, displays all contributor names in last/first format

- displays n contributor names in last/first format; appends et al. when n is less than the number of contributors included in the template

- displays all contributor names in last/first format and appends et al.

|first= - optional, first contributor's given or first name; alias: |first1=

|firstn= - optional, contributorn given or first name; n begins at 2 and increases by 1 for each additional |firstn=

|id= - required when - are the same as -; otherwise optional. See Examples

|in= - required, surname or last name of first editor or author of the work that includes the contribution; aliases: |in1=

|in2= - optional, surname or last name of second editor or author

|in3= - optional, surname or last name of third editor or author

|in4= - optional, surname or last name of fourth editor or author

|last= - required, surname or last name of first author; aliases: |last1=

|lastn= - optional, contributorn surname or last name; n begins at 2 and increases by 1 for each additional |lastn=;

|loc= - optional, other location identifier, displays after or

|mode= - controls rendered display to match that of adjacent CS1 or CS2 citations; defaults to CS1 style

|mode=cs2 - mimic {{citation}} style (comma separators, no terminal punctuation, static text not capitalized)

|name-list-style= - optional, controls contributor name list display style

|name-list-style=harv - mimic or format (one to four last names); overrides |display-authors=

|name-list-style=amp - inserts an ampersand between the last two contributor names

|nb= - optional, when set to yes, instructs to render source link without parentheses around the year; same format as that produced by {{harvnb}}

|p= - optional, single page number where cited material can be found; aliases: |page=

|pp= - optional, multiple page numbers, page ranges, etc where cited material can be found; aliases: |pages=

|ps= - optional, sets terminal punctuation; default is full stop; overrides |mode=cs2; aliases: |postscript=

|ps=none - renders output without terminal punctuation

|url= - optional, URL of an online location where the text of the contribution can be found; aliases: |chapter-url, |contribution-url

|url-access= - optional, use when URL links to a source behind a registration barrier or paywall; inserts cs1|2 access icon; accepted values are: limited, registration, subscription

|year= - required, publication year of the work that includes the contribution

Examples

When a popflock.com resource article makes reference to a work that contains multiple chapters by different authors, bibliographies and reference sections can look rather cluttered:

George, Ernest J.; Read, Ralph A.; Johnson, R. W.; Ferber, A. E. (1957). "Shelterbelts and Windbreaks". In Stefferud, Alfred (ed.). Soil: The Yearbook of Agriculture 1957. United States Department of Agriculture. OCLC 704186906.
Harper, V. L.; Frank, Bernard; McQuilkin, W. E. (1957). "Forest Practices and Productivity". In Stefferud, Alfred (ed.). Soil: The Yearbook of Agriculture 1957. United States Department of Agriculture. OCLC 704186906.
Stout, P. R.; Johnson, C. M. (1957). "Trace Elements". In Stefferud, Alfred (ed.). Soil: The Yearbook of Agriculture 1957. United States Department of Agriculture. OCLC 704186906.
Wadleigh, C. H. (1957). "Growth of Plants". In Stefferud, Alfred (ed.). Soil: The Yearbook of Agriculture 1957. United States Department of Agriculture. OCLC 704186906.

As the list grows longer, the look becomes more cluttered with the unnecessarily repeated detail of full-length citations. With editors can link to shorter, less detailed contribution citations using standard implementations of {{sfn}} templates^[1] and {{harv}} templates (like this: (Harper, Frank & McQuilkin 1957) and also wrapped in tags^[2]). may also be wrapped in tags so that it becomes part of the article's References section.^[3]^[4]

Avoiding circular reference

It may sometimes be necessary to cite a contribution of a source's editor or author such that through are the same as through , an editor's preface for example. Such citations can, depending on placement, cause or -family references to link directly to the citation instead of to the template, or cause circular links ( linking to itself because its CITEREF anchor identifier is the same as the citation's CITEREF anchor identifier). If is set, will use it as an anchor identifier; if is not set, will emit an error message when through are the same as through .

For example, to reference an editor's preface from article text, create a wikilink inside tags:^[5]

<ref>[[#Stefferud preface|Stefferud 1957]]</ref>

Write a template with

{{harvc |last=Stefferud |first=A.|year=1957 |id=Stefferud preface |c=Preface |url=//archive.org/stream/yoa1957#page/n7/mode/1up |in=Stefferud}}

Example references section

^ George et al. 1957.
^ Stout & Johnson 1957
^ Benson, Ezra Taft. Foreword. In Stefferud (1957), p. vi, §2.
^ Wadleigh 1957.
^ Stefferud 1957

Example bibliography section

Stefferud, Alfred, ed. (1957). Soil: The Yearbook of Agriculture 1957. United States Department of Agriculture. OCLC 704186906.
- George, Ernest J.; Read; Johnson; Ferber. "Shelterbelts and Windbreaks". In Stefferud (1957).
- Harper, V. L.; Frank; McQuilkin. "Forest Practices and Productivity". In Stefferud (1957).
- Stefferud, A. Preface. In Stefferud (1957).
- Stout, P. R.; Johnson. "Trace Elements". In Stefferud (1957).
- Wadleigh, C. H. "Growth of Plants". In Stefferud (1957).

More than one contribution

There are times when an author or authors will have contributed more than once to a work. When this occurs, it is necessary to disambiguate the CITEREF links from the or templates to the CITEREF id of the appropriate template.

-> -> }

-> ?

In this example, author David Hunt contributed two appendices to Christmas Cacti: The Genus Schlumbergera and Its Hybrids.

There are two {{harvnb}} templates that are disambiguated:

{{harvnb |Hunt |1995a}} -> Hunt 1995a

{{harvnb |Hunt |1995b}} -> Hunt 1995b

These link to two templates which use for their CITEREF id and for the date in the rendering as a visual aid for readers:

{{harvc |in=McMillan |in2=Horobin |last=Hunt |first=David |c=Appendix I Names and synonyms of the species, subspecies and interspecific hybrids |year=1995 |anchor-year=1995a |mode=cs2 |nb=yes}}
Hunt, David (1995a), "Appendix I Names and synonyms of the species, subspecies and interspecific hybrids", in McMillan & Horobin 1995
{{harvc |in=McMillan |in2=Horobin |last=Hunt |first=David |c=Appendix III Excerpts from a Brazilian diary |year=1995 |anchor-year=1995b |mode=cs2 |nb=yes}}
Hunt, David (1995b), "Appendix III Excerpts from a Brazilian diary", in McMillan & Horobin 1995

and the single template:

{{Citation |last=McMillan |first=A. J. S. |last2=Horobin |first2=J. F. |year=1995 |title=Christmas Cacti: The Genus ''Schlumbergera'' and Its Hybrids |edition=p/b |publication-place=Sherbourne, Dorset, UK |publisher=David Hunt |isbn=978-0-9517234-6-3}}
McMillan, A. J. S.; Horobin, J. F. (1995), Christmas Cacti: The Genus Schlumbergera and Its Hybrids (p/b ed.), Sherbourne, Dorset, UK: David Hunt, ISBN 978-0-9517234-6-3

Error messages

emits these error messages:

harvc: author missing from source list.

the source list parameters , , , and form the template's CITEREF link to the full citation. All are not required but must be used in order without numerical gaps.

harvc: invalid .

when used, must be a three- or four-digit number and must have a lowercase CITEREF disambiguator. When the source does not have an identifiable year, use or with lowercase CITEREF disambiguator.

harvc: invalid .

the value assigned to must be a number greater than 0 or the keyword etal

harvc: invalid .

is an integral part of the template's CITEREF anchor and link. The value of must be a three- or four-digit number with an optional lowercase CITEREF disambiguator. When the source does not have an identifiable year, use or .

harvc: missing .

is missing; the parameter is required.

harvc: no authors in contributor list.

this error message indicates that can't find any of , , or with an assigned value and so cannot make a usable CITEREF anchor. Add at least one of the listed parameters.

harvc: required contribution is missing.

this error message indicates that can't find any of , , or with an assigned value

harvc: required parameter missing.

this error message is emitted when the template's CITEREF anchor identifier would conflict with the long-form citation's CITEREF anchor identifier. See Examples

harvc: / mismatch.

the year portion of must match the year given in

The above documentation is transcluded from Template:Harvc/doc. ( | history)
Editors can experiment in this template's sandbox ( | diff) and testcases () pages.
Add categories to the /doc subpage. Subpages of this template.